
IMAGE EVALUATION 
TEST TARGET (MT-3) 




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Photographic 

Sciences 

Corporation 



33 WIST MAIN STREiT 

WEBSTER, NY. MSSO 

(716) •73-4S03 




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CIHM 
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ICMH 

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4 5 6 



\V 1^ li li I .\ ii r o :^ cV A » K O T 'i\ 



■.I ( tks<"iii> 1.1 « ^»ri.M.nK * HI..) 



No. 47 Water Street, New York, 

[Ml'OU I »:i!s <>i 

BEA^LIES, GINS, WINES, FRUITS, &c. 

Siili' AiiiiiN ill ilii' I iiii.il Miitii l.if till- iMlliiuini: tiiiililv cc-Icliiiil.-il IIiiiikIIii, Ac 

rodwr. ,11 i,i;s itnitiN .v to, 
i«M III-:!.!.!:. Ai.KX si;h:ni:tti:, iv i.KVHmi:, a. dklitk 
FixK <M,i» ('iiAiiPA<i\'i':. i: tii;A\r\. ii sittox. 
iiui,i,AM> uiy. i.HM'i: i.i:m'. dkw Diitu' 

W • li .\.- I I. II. I. mill ..1, Ii.hhI .1 1,11 1;. .lurk "I lli.' i.iii.iii- i;i.i.l I 

l*wii« Shfirvt Miidfirii, .>I)<Iiikii« 4 Ihi'«>I, 4iiiiiii|iHKnr and ollirr Wiiicis; 

Aivi, Siiilcli ami lii-li \Vlii«kii".tliiiiiiiirii i.ml .""I t iih\ |tiiiii«. While Wiiii" Viiii'|(ni', Riiiiloant 
1'ruiics, lUi\r (lii. \Vuliiiil>, Cu.lili' S iiip. .Vi- Ar. 
X. !;. All I'lif sill,. liMiii fiiiiid Sliiti- II IimI Wiiicli.i iiiiiilcil III 11.1m iiluii'. 

(iUII)E-15(M)ir~ 

'NIAGARA, 

1 Genesee Falls Trenton Falls, Montmorcnci Falls, 
River Ottawa, River Sagucnay, City of Quebec, 

THE WIIITK H(H \TAIIVS. 

/LLf'ST/i'ATh'/f 117/"// /'//'"/')' l':S(U!AVl\aS. 

BILLIARD TABLES. 

V \\ \l I^ A N 'S 

Improved Billiard Tables and Combination 

Cushions. 

I'll!. '111..! la [..■tl.M- I'lil. Ill, .!:i'..| 

K''. I'.t, is:,,'.; I hi. •_'•<, HMi; I hi: .".. !•>,.;; •/•(■'. 1-. l^-'i'*: A'..r. li;. H.^.s ;,ni.| I/-.. •!'). isri'.i. 



/ 



For Sale on!" b" Q'CQHHQR 8c COLLEKDEE. Sole Manufacturer?-. 

«5, i» X «» VroHUy slrrrt, .fVir I'orfc, 
And the Patentee, MICHAEL PHBLAN, 786 and 788 lisoadway. 




PRICE TWENTY-FIVE CENTS. 



NKW lOKK C'AltPi:T I.IKI.^Kil 4-4».niM:Vl', 

^<l|,K Miiiiiirni'liiri'i nl IUkiukuTi'xV I'itkm C.Ni'xr I.diikci, ii aulialitiili' for l'ii|M'r, MrHW nr any ullivr < 
»~ nrlliK ii».mI fur lii.tiiig iiiiiler t'.ir|i«l>, (til rinllm, Ar. II (irolcrli tin' Curiii'l fniiii the iinlMienila or I 
niiy iint'vi'iinrx In llii' llinira, U n miinii'r <•! niitiinl. niiil la wiirraiilnl ti> hiM nriy |ii'r i-riil. In llir iliirHlilllljr 
of «'iir|ii'lii or Oll'I'lulli. fur mlf iil uii> nf lliif prliKlpiil <',ti|iel Cliirn. ANo niiiiiiiriii'liirera ii( 

Hurrington'B New Millinst Wadding, 

(I'lili'iil Hmilk'il fnii M nulolltulK fnt K^HKi'l WhiIiIIiik. THll»ra,0«|t Mitkt!r«. PiirrliT'. Ai-.. Kn- liivllfil In call 
mill rxuiiiliip K> llii' unliiirontii, No. il.' WAKKKN ttTKKKT, NonliciKt rnrinT I'oIIi-ki' riHci, o|i|in«llv lluit- 
mill llli fr lUllroail l>i-|mi. lUrrliigion'ii ■•r«inluni Ualli eon<l«ntly mamifii'.liirliiK 

J H ll\HHIViTO\. \inil 

NEW ILLUSTRATED GUIDE BOOKS. 

JnHt l'it*>llHhnl. Price *J5 t'ntlH €nch. 

TIm> .TUmhImhIpiiI, tr.nuSl. I'mil to Ni'W tJi'Uaii', uithiK.'>.-n|iti<iiiH<i|°>'Mi-y city, (iiwii, 
iiikI \illiit((' Ihriiti^'liiiiil till' I'liliro litigtli ul' tin- iniiti'. With :tti Itivii- Clinrt* 
fromn Klirvry niixli- in IS.'iN, innl l<i Kiii;rn\in;!s of tlio |ir!iu'ipiii oiliciit'uiiiicctcil 
witli it* tmili' iiikI oniiiiiini'i . I'rii'o 'j.i coiil*. 

The Nl. I.<ilWI'<'IICP — ill iMU' u'lMml I'iiniintiiiit: Viow, fruni N'iiignni lit QiiuIh'c — en- 
jjruvcd from llu- iliiirti of ilir ('MMiidiiiii (jovcriitiiiMit, "liowinj? tin' rivoi'r«, ]iikoi>, 
mpiilK, fulls, I'ili.'.*, mill towns tlii-(>iit()ioiit the route of afX) inllbs — with letter- 
pri'w DfK'iiiitioii!' iiiul Kiiiriiiviiii;* of nuiiios on the St. Ij»\vi»ncc, the TIiohsmmiI 
IsIiiikIk, iiiiil nil till' citii's In ('iiiiinhi. IVivc '25 cento. 

j Vll<> lllldnoil— I'atfkill Moiiiiiuiii^, Siii-iito^ii, Laki (;•'.)l'^^', Liku ('haiii|ilii!n uiul City 
of Ni'w Yiii-k. iV'.-'oi-ibid mill illii!>truti.'il with lifiy Kngntvinp^s of the ohoiec8t 
i-ci-noi* and |ilai'i's of iiiivrcM voiiiicvtvd therewith. Price 25 cvnit. 

Nilliraru tilid While .TloiiiilnliiN, lo!>i'tlK-r vith Ti-cnton, (ienvKoo, and Mont- 
iiiori'iH'i Full*, ( ity of tjiuliro and batllegionnd, illiistiutid in a series <if 
thirty-four I'ligrnviiiffi of the scenery of those world renowned dislrieti', with 
' OJ^iions li'tter-jires* d<'si'i'i|it inns of each jilacc noticed. 

'I'lieiilHive work* have been icot \\\> in llio best style in every ros|it'i'l. Tile eiii,'ra\ ings are 
from I'tiotographii and |>encil drawinjfs, and are faithful rejiresentulions of each phiec and 
objiil. They are ejjfciitid by some of the bist engravers in the rnited States. 

Till' lultcr-prcw mid |ia|ier aro of the best — as orders for .single ^-opies will testify. They 
aro titVi reins the lA*t iilti«tr)itod, best printed, most reliable, and latest ijnldebooks to the 
recpSi'iiM' dliitriet*, ' 

To bo hnJ oC all bmiksellers and newsmen throughout the United Suites and Canadus. 
» 'opU* malleil fi*« -fflh^elpl of the price— Uy Alex. Ilnrthill, publisher, -.Jn Xortli William 
street, Now York. \ 

The tiailo »nj)pUedii*«riI"''- *• Ti'ifey, H. Uextir .t Co., lleinliiekson, Hliike it Long, 
New Yolk ; rotersonjp^tlnr.s, I'liiludelphiu; Urown, Ta^gard <t Chase, IJoston ; J f Mor- 
!,'aii. New (irliiiti-; L Hnslinell, St. T>»ni«; VeUar .t Co., Tiftonto ; 15. Dawson* Son, 

Molltteal. 



^BS|YSA>ttHf^ 




JOHN MTTRFHT, 

rHorniKioR or tiik lityn.iK '< 

AMERICAN CHAMPAGNE | 

t<upcrlor to nmn.v of llic Freiieli Wines now ' 
iiiiporleil, mill ran W fM for nbniit, lialf llio 

luice, I 

SPARK L INQ HOCK, | 

All waifiMtsd tlie |iurc Jiilcti of Hie Drapu. '. 

107 Water Street, roar Wall 8lU i 

NEtV YORK. I 






'^^ytntortit according to Act of Congreiia, in tlie ,vc«r 1SS9, by Alkxanukii H«iiTnii,L, In Iha Cl«rk'i Offlce 
% of the District t'ourt of the United Slated for the !<oulhern District of New York. 



f 






CLOAXS AND MAHTILLiiS! 
L. M'INTOSII, 

Importer and Manvifacturer 

or 

CLOAKS AND MANTILLAS, 

407 BJiOADWAY, NEW YORK. 

Always on hand a seasonahte and complete assortment of the above articles. 
Th0 Trade Supplied on Liberal Terms. 



iflo#g'BlMfiio71in 




nrilalSrPitMlMaM 
UrcaUnto 
nU.NK K. )ll)«rB, 

K«ir titrk 






'w«u taken within 60 dayt durln( lut/ 
Cilum /"''"ini" nvt^rmll iilhcr conipi'tM«r«, claim-/ 

/male, «4 Ton liny, ('ool 
/»nil a « Ton \>m*. Krnle, 
'unohilio floor cf the Mi 

wlOlw taken spurt and »i-. ... 

'mlnulea, to convince the pureluuor of tbcir 
rsunpUdl]' will wondatftil accuracy, 

t J. huWK, J f. M«kw, BmnSo'. 




" VEKMOMT 8TATB FAIR." 

" VIRGINIA BTATK FAIR." 

" NEW YORK OTATK FAIR." 

" CNITIO 8TATIC8 FAIR." 

" FRANKUN H98TITUTE FAIR," 

" VIRniNIA AORICILTLHAL FAIR." 

Trat Clara PmnloaM were taken lut tunmier nt 
e«ch of the abov* Fain after aever* teati of tlieee 
Bealea. 

It niay not be oat nf place here to itate, that It 
haa been our aim to place nuraelveii In coinpellti'iii 
wllh otberaotUw aa much aa iwulblv. We n; ^,, 
laat mmnicr In vMtlni; a few of the Kali«, wlilcli 
are known to be the hent authority, in <li(TiTent 
PtalfH, thuK to led Iho luperlorlty of ourHciilin. It 
l« very sratlfjrlnc hera to atate, that In every In- 
•tauce where w« have exhlbiteil, we have received 
th* Ftnt Olaaa PtvinliiiBa, 

JOHN HOWE, J»., Brandon, Vermont. 

FRANK E. UOWM, 191 Broadway, 

Oo' D«F 8t., (upatalra,) New York. 

Hfanr flcaie Warranted. 



THOMAS H. L\TE, 



jB«nu(a(tttr>t of 

NEEDLES, 
Fish Hooks, 

And every tariety if 
Fishing Tackle. 




IHanufactuttt o( 

NEEDLES, 
Fish Hooks, 

And every variety of 
Fiahing Tackle. 



PATKNTSS OF THB mPROTSU BBEPRMTINK 8PINNBR — THI BK8T TBOLLINO 

BAIT IH VBK. 



i 



JOSEPH GILLOTT'8 

Steel Pens. 



^i^^^^»^.^*^^^^*»»^»^i^'<^>^>^*^^^>^*^ 



THE MANUFACTUBEBff BBJUfCH HOUSE, 

91 tTohn Btsniet, Ne-w York, 

It AT AUs TIMSB fOUT MTPPLIBD WITH A OIHBRAL AMORTMKNT OF TUOSI 

POPULAR PENS. 

VOR SALS TO TBB TRADE, AHD HAT Bl HAD Or ALL BTATIONBRS. 

■E]y BY OWEI¥, Agen t. 

KXJO-ElSrBS DXJFirY% 

CHEMIST, PERFUMERY FACTOR, 

609 Broadway, N«w York. 



Snpvy'i OoMTiaiat. 
A new hair-dreMing luttral 
Buid, for embellishing the 
Hair, and promoting its 
healthy growth, (uppleueH 
and glou. 
The nutritious property of 
■ purified Cocoa Nut and Ricine 
I Oils, in oombination with ap- 
B propriate ingredients, under 
I the name of Cocoricine, is 
justly estimated the most effi- 
cient beautifler of the Hair. 

nr LAM* BOTTLM, 

At M Mi« SO tmmt 

OB 

•S Bod 8« rtr do 




: 
■ 



QoUntfu btrut of 
Tlowtn te laMOTinf ud 
ft IM I lug tt> Compiaadfla. 

The sweetest and most per- 
fect beautifler in Nature. 

It removes Freckles, Tan, 
Sun-Burns, also Bmwn 8p4>lf 
on the face and arms. 

It is is also found very brn- 
eficiul for bathing cbnpped oi 
irrivated skin, aa it posaessci* 
both tonic and cooling, an 
well as clearing, propirlies 
most valuable, and mvvrtbtft 
healthiness to the akin. TiMt 
portion of the travelling pub- 
Uo who have used it. And 
Godft«y's Extract of SIder 
Flowers, extremely beneficial, 
and a necessary addition to 
tlieir hygienic Toilet ^p«nd 
ages. 

Prt«e One DoUu par BoMla. 

X)U PU Y'S 

N«w liquid Booqusti and Standard Feifaniea of 

eacqidrite Fngraaoe, 

A neat Package qf 8 BotOmfor $2 ; hrgeet •<», |4 ; Singh BoUlte, 76e. and $1.60 m. 

Perfect (i«a, Wasktagtoi NMCgay» HmbI Tchmi BMiqaet. 

Kbt-me-Qulek. HeUbtrope. bwast Clover. 

Jockey Club. Rose Geranlun. Mon Roso. 

Bouquet de OarcUoe. Patohouly. New Mown Hay. 

Enrl; Sprlnf flowers, rrani^snnl, Cape Jasorin. 

Sweet Briar. Wnt End. Lemon Verbena. 

Rose dta Alpes. MUleHenn. Mask. 

Mtgnonette. Orape Tine Bloasom. 

Perftmed SaiMt 60 oeata eaek. Fiae Toilet Soar** M oeats each. 

r Superfine Rice Powder, plain and scented, tat chafed or boated skin. Saponaceous Tooth 
I Powder, Eau AngcUqne for the Teeth and Quma. Peataohio Nut Oil, Festacbio Nut Meal, Pesta- 
' ehio Nat Skiii and Complexion Powder. 



•0» Broadway. H . T. 
"««»ll»»iii1ttiitri<MiVifiw Tat. 



BoadenUa. Water LU7. 

As. Bonqnat. Oryianthemom. 

Wild Amie Btoisom. Sandal Wood. 
Bweet Pea. Tnberote. 

Mask Rose. Harechale. 

Wood Violet. Oraogs Bloason. 



I 



<«|* 



B 

lOUSE, 

T or TBOCI 

Affent. 

OTOR, 



OtuxUtat- 
dresiing luttral 
iibelliHhing the 
proiixitiog its 
rth, luppleneu 

oua properly of 
k Nut and Ricine 
ioation with ap- 
;redient«, under 
r Coooricine, ii 
ed the most effi- 
ir of the Hair. 
« oorruH, 
•O esHiB MCh, 
oa 
iR far loaaB. 



■Ml of 

L and |1.£0 eo. 

■qoel. 

jrianthemom. 
Ddal Wood. 
ibcroM. 
kreehala; 
ang* BloaHMH. 

u each. 

Hinaeeons Tooth 
Nat Med, Peat*. 



t 



NIAGARA; 



m 



FALLS AND SCENERY: 



TOOKTIIIR WITn 



C|c ^cil|itc liXountahis, 



OENESEE FALLS, TREXTON FALLS, MOyTMOREXCI FALLS, 
RIVER OTTAWA, RIVER SAGUENAY, 

THE CITY OF QUEBEC, 



AXD 



KOUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE. 



THB WHOLE UKSCRIBID AXD 



ILLUSTRATED WITH THIRTY-FOUR ENGRAVINGS. 



KfW YORK: 
ALEX. HARTHILL,.20 NORTH WILLIAM STREET; 

ROSS dc T0U8EY; H. DEXTER dt CO.; HENDRICKSON, BLAKE di LONG. 

TOEOaTO:— McLEAit & CO. MOSTREAL:— B. DATvbON ii SON. 

And Sold by all Bo»k$elUr» and Xe\Btmen. 



%*, 



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COJS^TENTS. 



rAdi 

KUnARA. 

Suip«n«ion Bri(lt(p. g 

Tbe Full* V, 

The Kiver anil Uo»t Inland js 

Cave of tlip Wiiiil* 10 

Ooat Inland jo 

llatli Nlund lo 

lliildlr'n Stair* jd 

Ti-rrapin llridge ly 

I'n>«|(«cl Tower jo 

Three Siilem jo 

Fort SchluKiter jj 

I'oint View 12 

Hail on the .Steamer 12 

Ferry Houne i;^ 

Burning Springi la 

Table Rock ig 

Terniination Kock 12 

Whirlpool 18^ is | 

I.undy's Lane 13' 

Devaux'n College , , . , . 14 

Kcvil'ii Hole 14 I 

Ilrock'* Monument u 

(jueenntown Heights 14 

RoutCR to the Falls 14 i 



MM 

Horse-Shoe Fall m 

Behiw the FalU ig 

Amcricnn Fall ij 

l<ouki»u liiwunU Lake Ontario 17 

Bruck'a Monument }g 

Abraham, I'lains of 61, U 

Falls or Montmorenci 49 

Qeneseo FalU go 

Indian Uirelle 54 

Lake St (Charles M 

Montreal to Ottawa 41 

Mimtinorenci Falla. 49 

Ottawa. a7 

I'lains of Abraham 81, M 

Quebec so 

Hirer Sagiienay 47 

Route down the St. Lawrence 81 

St. I.awrence, Route down the 81 

Saguenbv, River 47 

Thousand IitUnda. 80 

Trenton Fulls IS 

White Mountain! (O 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



KIAOARA. 

Bird's Eye View of Niagara 6 

Sus|iension llridge 6 

" " Track View 8 

American and Horse-Shoe Falls 9 

Terrapin Tower H 

Table Rock 1 1 

Horse-Shoe Fall, from below Irt 

The River below the Falls 16 

Burning Springs 18 

Whirlpool 15 

Bridge across the Rapids if, 

American Fall, from Cannda Side 17 

Niagara, looking to Lake Ontario 17 

General Brock's Monument 18 

OiNKSRK Falu 20 

TaBXTON Falls ijt 

The High Falls 19 

Tiie Cttsc'iules jy 

Ottawa Citt 89, 89 

Upper Town 89 



PAOI 

Lower Town tg 

Locks at Ottawa , 41 

MoXTMOREKCI FaLU 49 

CITT or qVHRC. 

View from Point Levi 60 

" " theCiUdel 61 

Wolfe and Montcalm's Monument 68 

THR ST. LAWRRNCR. 

View from Brockville, C. W 86 

Steamer Descending the Rapids 80 

RaHs going down the Rapids 88 

Steamer going down Long ,SauU Rapidt. . . 89 

WHITR MOl'NTAiXa. 

The Silver Cascade 67 

The Flume House 68 

Tip-Top House 61 

Kngle Clifl" 5? 

The Willey House 60 

Illustrated Time Indicator. •• 



8 



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BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF NIAGARA, 



■ J 



THi: NIAGARA Sl'SPENSIOX BRIDGE. 




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The above sketch represents the great InternnHonnl Bridge, which spans the Niagara, 
and joins tlie United States with Canada. It« length, from tower to tower, is 821 feet 4 
inches. Erected nt a cost of about |400,000 (£80,000 stg.). Tlic \invi-r flour or road-way 
is used for foot passengers, carriages, onrts, etc., same as any ordinnry ri>ad. The upper 
floor is for railroH.l tniffie exclusively. Aerons tliis bridge, the trains of the Great Western 
Railroad of Canada and the various railroads of New York State, travel, each train drawn 
very slowly, by a light pilot engine. 

From a report, by Mr. Roebling, Engineer, on this gigantic structure, we copy the fol- 
lowing particulars:— 

" The base and towers on the New York side, contain 1360 cubic yards, which weigh 
about .S,n(Xi tons. Add to this weiurht of the superstructure of 1,000 tons, and we have a 
total of 4,0(M1 tons, in a comi>act and solid mass. 

" There are 4 cables of 10 inches diameter, each composed of 8640 wires of small No. 9 

6 



m 



t a 



o 



:h spans the Niagara, 
to tower, is 821 feet 4 
>\vrv floor or rood-wny 
inry rouJ. The upper 
9 of the Great Western 
»vel, each train drawn 

ture, we copy the fol- 
ic yards, which weigh 
) tons, and we have a 



NIAGARA SL-SPKXSION BIUIiGE. 

gauge, 60 wire* foinilng ..no squnr.' iiieli of solid section; niuliiiig llie solid section of each 
cable 60.4(1 eqiiare inches, wrapping not included. 

" Each of the four large .aides i» e..ni|Hwd of Keven smaller ones, which I call WniiiA. 
Each stran.l contidns 6->u wires. One of these forms the centre, the sixothetn are placed 
around it^the 62o wires forming one strand of endlcis wire, ol.lained l.y splicing a nnin- 
hi r of single wires. The ends of the strands arc passed around and confined in cust iron 
shoes, which also receive the wrought-iron pin that forms a connection with the anchor 
chains. 

'• The wire measures 18.31 feet per pound, and the strength, therefore, is equivalent to 
lt)40 lbs. per single wire, or nearly Um),<«)0 |).)unds per square inch. 

" Assuming the aiwve average strength, the aggregate strenirtli of the 14,6t)0 wires cm- 
posing the four cables, will be 28,878,4«X) poundl. But their actual strength is ureater, 
because the above calculations are based upon a mini»,iiiH strength of the individual 
wires. We may assume their aggregate ultimate strength nt 12.0o(i tons, of 2.iiii(j pounds 
each. 

" Both enils of the bridge rest upon the ciitfs, and are nnchond to the r.xk. .\s far as 
supported by the cables, I estimate its r Tht ot less than 10(H) tons, which includes the 
w.ight of cables between the towers, nil a pressure i>f the river stay* b.-low. 

"There are (124 suspenders, each capable of sustaining thirty tons, which makes their 
united strength 18,720 tons. The ordinary weight they have to 8up|)ort is i)nly Kkmi tons. 
A locomotive of thirty-four tons weight, including tender, spreads its wel-lit. by means of 
the girders and trusses, over a lenglli of no less than 2iH> feet. Of courst- liie greatest 
pressure is under the engine, and is there supported by no less than twenty suspenders. 
If, by any accident, a sudden blow or jar should be produoed, the strength of the suspenders 
will he abundant to meet it. 

" A chan^'o of temperature of 100° causes a difference in the level of the floor of two 
feet three inches. The lower fl.H.r, or river stays have enough of slack, or deflection, to 
adjust tlieniselves under these changes. The only difference will be, that they are tighter 
in winter than in summer; consequently, that the equilibrium of the bridge will be less 
ulVccted by passing trains in cold weather than in warm. 

'• Droves of cattle are, according to the regulalioifs, to be divided off into trooi)»of 20, no 
mnre than three such bodies, or 60 in all, to be allot/ed on the bridge at one time. Each 
troop is to be led by one person, who is to clieck their progress in case tliey should start 
off on a trot. 

'• In my opinion, a heavy ti.iin, running at a speed of 20 miles an hour, does less injury 
to the structure, than is caused by 20 heavy cattle under a full trot. Public processions, 
marcliing to the sound of music, or bodies of soldiers keeping regular step, will produce u 
slill more injurious effect." 

The charge for passing over tlie bridge, on foot, is 26 cents— going and returning. Car- 
riaa;e $1.00, with 2(5 cents for each passenger inside. 

The promenade, during u hot day, on the foot-path of the bridge, is deliciously cool, 
from the breeze which generally blows up or down the gorge of the river. The views 
looking towards the Falls, from different points on the bridge, are also exceedingly good, 
presenting to the stranger the picture of Niagara Falls, as they are represented in many 
engravings which are given of them, and even die best of them, afler all, only can give a 
very faint idea of the great reality. 

Suspension Bridge is the station where all the emigrant trains 1>ound for the western 
states stay over— generally for some hours. Kefreshment rooms to suit all classes are to 
be met with both inside and outside of tlie railroad station. Average charge, 26 cents per 
meal. ^ 



i) wires of small No. 9 



■( 



SrSPEXSION DHIDGE, FALLS OF NIAGARA. 



:-^ii^w 




NIAGARA SUSPENSION DRIDOE RAILROAD TRACK VIKW. 



THE FALLS OF NIAGARA. 

[RljiMl from New York, 440 1 QmlxH', S85 ; Plillndelphia, 441 ; Bsllimora, «3S i T..nmlo, 60 1 Buffalo, M nMn.] 



To nttempt to convey the fiiintcat imprcssiim 
of the unspeakable niajtnitude iind ninnniticence 
of the Fulls of Ningiirii tilniost biinlers on jiri'- 
sumption. Thcv Imve been clad with ii brilliant 
halo of iniuf;inution since we first lioaid of their 
existence, nt school. The pen, the pencil, and 
photO(;ruphy, Imve nil been laid nnder contribu- 
tion, for the purpose of describing and illnstrat- 
inj; the niijjhty cataract. The powers of word- 
painting have been wielded by the literateur, 
the preacher, und the poet, to furnish ^-litable 
representations of the "world's ivoiider." Fu- 
tility and failure have been written u])on every 
attempt. The thunder of waters is inexpressi- 
ble by human language; but yet, to be admired 
it needs only to be seen; and the deep impres- 
sion that is stumped upon the mind of every 
spectator that stands before the stupendous scene 
of Niagara, will never Ik! erased from the tablets 
of memory. Who shall ever forget that moment 
wlicit lit: leapt froin tlie Cars, bounded, with all 
the inipotience of o curiosity cherished from 
earliest infancy, down the declivity, and the 
■ubiime scene burst upon his astonished vision? 



The eye wandered up and down "the Rapids," 
rushing, for n mile above the Fulls, in tumultu- 
ous nuidness, fretting and eddying, wliirling and 
twirling, rumbling and tumbling, pell-mell, iu 
precipitate confusion ; fell then upon the pure, 
pellucid waters, that soothed themselves into a 
solemn sweep as they moved, with the nuijesty 
of irresistible might over the lofty precipice, 
with the deafening rour of gratulation at their 
safe descent ; and last, not least, upon the beau- 
teous bow that capped and crowned the glowing 
scene resplendent with nuignificence und re- 
dolent of transcendent sublimity. 

But insteud of straining the capabilities of 
langunge, by heaping metaphor on metaphor, 
in u listless endeavour to describe the inde- 
scribable, let us act as cieenme to the tourist, 
and leave hiiu to drink inspiration from the 
voice of the living waters themselves. 

Wo may here notice that the Falls are formed 
by the United waters of Lake Superior, Lake 
Michigan, Lake Huron, und Lake Erie, which 
all meet in the River Niagara, at the eastern ex- 
tremity of Lake Erie, from which it pursues its 



8 



GARA. 





LCK T»W. 



10, iO; Biiffitlo, M nilln,] 

ip 1111(1 down " tlic Rnpids," 
ibiivc tlio Fulls, in tnimiltu- 
l; 1111(1 eildyiiig, ttliiiiini; and 
ind tiiiiiblinu', poll-inell, in 
1 ; fell tlicn upon the pure, 
; sootlu'd theinst'lvea into a 
•v moved, with the nmjesty 
t over the lofty pieciiiice, 
•uiiiof jjrratulutioii ut tlioir 
St, not least, upon the beuu- 
(\ and crowned tlie glowing 
ifith niastnificence and re- 
lit sublimity. 

puiniug the capabilities of 
ig metaphor on metaphor, 
our to describe the inde- 
Bs ciceiiine to tlio tourist, 
Irink inspiration from the 
nters themselves. 
;e that the Falls are formed 
I's of Lake Superior, Lake 
■on, and Lake Erie, which 
' Niagara, ut the eastern ex- 
% from which it pursues ita 



> 

f 
CD 

O 



P 




NIAGARA FALLS. 



i!( 



I 



I 



course f,,r nbout -22 n.ilc. «l,er.. it \n .livulcd, I the Cave i« situated. There vou are provided 

U.ver. „,u, the other in a «ort of .en.i-circular dre,,, *r h, 4X . The Cavt K":';'?" l' 
»;rr„. or, a« .t han been calle,! ,he Hokhk-Suo. ! Io„ feel widl. and 3u fS X " '"""" '"«"' 



Fall, on the Canada Bide of the river. 

The American Full is nbout Di.h) feet wide, with 
a descent, in one unbroken sheet, of IW feet per- 
pendienhir. 

The Canailian or Horoe-Shoe Fall it about 
'2>«'<J feet wide, with a full of ISs feet. Tlie total 
descent of the water from Luke Krie to Lake 
Ontario is ^^4 feet. Such i» the yreat action of 
the .valor upon the prwipice over which it falU 
-as well «»u;»on the embankments upon both 
sides of the river-it is estimated that about one 
foot IS worn away annually, and that the falls 
have receded during the course of ages~es- 
tiinated by geologists at s:,im years— from 
Queenstown, 7 miles below, t< where they are 
at present. 

With these preliminnry remarks, we shall 
proceed to describ" the most important objects 
ot interest, addressing ourselves as if the reader 
were on a visit there 

As one very common route for strangers who 
wish to "do" the Falls in the most methodical 
and particular manner, wi subjoin the follow- 
m^'. which can be adopted, either in whole or in 
pari, by the tourist, as he may feel disposed. 

Supposing, then, that you are on the American 
side ot thf river, you proceed to Ooat Island 
Hi proceeding thither you cross the bridge of .3 
urches, which spans the river, to liatli Island 
tiom off which you get an excellent view of the 
Rapids, as they come rushing along, as if bent on 
sweeping away the bridge, and every thing on it 
l)etore them down the stream and over the fall 
Arrived across the bridge, you enter a cottage 
r .gistcr your name, and pay a toll of 2.> cents' 
y U. sig.,) which xvjii adn.it y^^ ,„ ^^^^ ^^^ ^^; 

ci Mss during the whole season. Passing on, you 
u.uy observe, to your right lianj, the paper 
works which were burned down I«st lutumn 
i-assing them, you cross another small bridge 
Olid then enter upon the beautiful grounds of 
Ooat Island. Turning to th.. right hand, you 
pn-ceed to the "Hog's Back." and across a 
small bridge to "Luna Island," which divides a 
«!iiall portion of the American Fall. An excel- 
Kht view is thereobtuined of the American Fall 
and scenery up and down the river ' 

After leaving Luna Island, you proceed 
tlir,mgh Goat Island, keeping on the walk 
nearest the river, towards the Canadian FiiL 
belore_ reaching there, however, you de»«IK 
BMdle 8 Stairs uianied after Mr. Diddle, of Phi- 
hulelphia, who built them I to the Cave of the 
« mds. 

Cave of toe Wikm. Reaching the bottom 



Ketracing your sU-ps to Uiddle'a Stairs, but be- 
fore reascei.ding them, you can have an excel- 
lent view of the Horse-.>Shoe Fall, as seen from 
the e<lge of the river. After regaining the top of 
these stairs you may be disposed to rest I'lentr 
of seats are to be found close at hand, where vou 
may rest and admire the scene around ami in 
Iront of you. Proceeding from there, vou now 
follow the path towartls the grandest point of 
all, the Terrapin Uridge. (Terrapin sip.ilie, 
1 uille, ) and Prospect Tower. (See engraving.) 

TeRKAPI.N llKinOK, AND pHOSPKtT ToWEB -- 

Arrive.1 at the edge of the river, as it sweeps 
rapidly past, you proceed along ,he wooden 
bridge, which extends to the base of the Tower 
At every step, you may be apt to pause and ad- 
niire the grandeur of the scene. From the base 
of the Tower a magnificent view of the river 
and rapids are to be seen ; but vou now ascend 
to the top of Prospect Tower, up through a 
narrow spiral staircase, and. once outside on 
the top, it is then and there, in our opinion, 
that the true grandeur of the Horse-Shoe Fall 
•-8 to be seen, as its mighty volume of «7u 000 
tons of water comes rushing „lo„g every 
ni.nute, and falls with a continuous roar over 
the precipice of ir.S feet deep, down into the 
gorge below, where the river has been estimated 
to be L'.V) feet deep. The vast volume of water- 
the m»gni8cent view down the river to Suspen- 
sion Bridge-the rapi.ls coming down the cala- 
ract behind you-together with the scenery on 
eVery side-will all combine to entrance vou to 
the spot with admiration and delight, and ren- 
der you almost unwilling to leave u scene 10 
grand and inspiring. 

Retracing your steps towards Goat Island 
jou next i.roceed to the Three Sisters-thre^ 
islands which stand out in the river, and named 
respectively. "Moss Island," "Deer Island." and 
Allan s Island." Between the first of the Three 
Sisters and Goat Island is the "Hermit's Cas- 
cade, named after a religious hermit, who be- 
came so enamoured with the spot that he took 
op his abode and lived there for some time in 
Robinson Crusoe fashion, till one dav he was 
«'>» est. It being supposed he had ven'tured loo 
fur upon a particular log of wood, which cap- 
sixed bim into a watery grave. 

The walk around Goat Island will be hiiihlv 
appreciated. Some charming nooks of great 
heauty are there, whilst from the head of the 
Island IS to be seen, 2» miles up the river, 
Chippewa: and, fi„,r miles from there, N'avy 
Island, belonging to Canada, which was occu- 



<»t Iiid(lie*s Stttirs vou proceed bv a nupnuv *'«^» • . l' .V"^'"^ *" v^«uuuu. wnico wi 

path towards the American Fall! IZZS ' fh ''•»'"' ?.""''"" P"'""'" "^ •^^•^■-^- *>«■» 

wnich .^there, also, the steamer Caroline which w«a 



There you arc provided 
HH, uiul obtiiin u iiiu;(iiifl. 
w it tliiinder!* down from 
■ou. Charge for Iorh of 
rheCave ia 130 feel high. 
Jet (h'ep. 

to biddle'3 Stairs, but be- 
, vou can hove an excel- 
'-.Shoe Fall, us seen from 
Iflei-rejfaiiiiiij} the lop of 

diaposed to rest. Menty 
close at hand, where vou 
he scene armind and ic 
ing from there, you now 
8 the grande.-t point of 
Ige, (Terrapin si).'nilies 
'ower. (.Sec engraving.) 

ND I'llOSPECT JoWER.— 

the river, us it sweeps 
:eed along the wooden 

the ba«e of the Tower, 
be apt to punse and ad- 

e scene. From the haw 
icent view of the river 
n ; but you now ii.'tcend 
■ Tower, up through a 
. and, once outside on 
there, in our opinion, 
of the Hor.<ie-Slioe Fall 
ghty voluiiif of 670,000 
rushing along every 

1 contiituouH roar over 
•t deep, down into the 
iver hug been estimated 
vast volume of water— 
vn the river to Suspen- 
comiiig down the cat«. 
er with the scenery oo 
)ine to entrance you to 

and delight, and ren- 
g to leave u scene so 

towards Goat Island, 
! Three Sisters— three 
1 the river, and named, 
d,"" Deer Island," and 
in the first of the Three 
is the "Hermit's Cas- 
{ious hermit, who be- 

the spot that he took 
ere for some time, in 
, till one day he was 
I he had ventured too 

of wood, which cap. 
■ave. 

Island will be highly 
ning nooks of great 
fi«ni the head of the 

miles up the river, 
sa fmm ii)i-r.~._ Xuvy 
da, which was occu- 
iotsof ISsr-S. From 
Caroline which was 







* 



NIAGARA FALLS. 



Fair for the 



ooDT'ejing proviaiuns and ammunition to the 

reboU, was cut adrift ond sent afloat down the 

river, ami over the }lur)>e-Shoe Fall. Near the 

hcnd nf the Inland the point may be seen where 

—before any bria^es connected the iHJand with 

tlie maiiilanil— Stedmau, the occupier of llie 

Island, trosHcd with his goats for pasture, hence 

the nunie Goat Island. 
Fort .Schlosser may be seen further up the 

river, also on the American side, where La Salle, 

the (jrciil explorer, first founded a trading post. 

This (ort has changed hands, Hrst from the 

French to the British, and next from the Ilrilish 

to the Americans. About this spot the vessel, 

(named the Griffin,) which first navigated the 

river and hikes, was built A Father Ilunnepin 

is said to have been the first white man who 

visited Niagara and saw the Falls, and who, 

like many who have succeeded him, published 

a very exaggerated account of them. 
In wandering round Goat Island you have 

now reached the starting-point on it, viz., the 

Bridge at the Iiuj)i(ls, wliich you re-cross, nnd 
■ make direct for I'oint View. 

Point Vibw is situated close to the edge of 

the American Fall, and on the very brink of 

the precipice. From this point you get un 

excellent view of both Falls, but more partic- 
ularly a distant view of the Horse-Shoe Fall. 

In the ferry-house at I'oint View there is a 

railway, down an incline of 1 in 31 feet. The 
cars are worked up and down by water power, 
and arc completely under the control of those 
in charge. The fare for going up or down is 
6 cents. At the bottom of the incline is the 
tiver, where boats may be hired to take you 
across to the Canada side of the river for 20 
cents. Alongside of the railway incline, there 
arc steps, up and down which parties may go 
free. The depth, to the edge of the woter, is 260 
feet — 2S11 steps in all. 

In the summer season a small steamer, called 
the " New Maid of the Mist," sails from the foot 
of the ferry stairs, up as near as (lossible to the 
base of the Horse-Shoe Fall. On proceeding on 
board you put on an oil-nkin cloak and hood, 
which envelopes the whole person, excepting 
the face; and, thus chid, you stand on deck, 
viewing the Falls, as the steamer makes her 
speedy trip, and as she rocks about amid the 
agitated water. Certainly the view is excellent, 
unless when the sun is shining out very strong, 
then much of the sight is lost, owing to that and 
the spray from the Falls falling so thickly upon 
the face and eyes. The sail is one only of a few 
minutes, nevertheless we recommend all to take 
u trip on board the little craft. Great vigilance 
and care is necessary in steering round the base 
of the Fall. When it has reached the middle 
of the Fall the steam is shut off, and then the 
bout is swung round and carried down by the 

current, when steam is put on, and she is turned l. depriving all In future of obtaining the view here al 
round to the landing-point, ready to take onlludedio, 

12 



board another lot of passengers, 
trip fiO cents, (2«. stg.). 

In the ferry-house a beautifully clear stream 
of water, from the rock, is kept running con- 
tinually, with tumblers provided for the use of 
visitors. 

The Messrs. Porters, to whom the prnpertv 
belongs, have done much lately to iiiipnive the 
appearance of the place all around, and added 
greatly to the comfort and convenience of visit- 
ors, by providing seats, etc., etc. 

Having spent some lime at I'oint View, you 
may now proceed down the incline wo have 
mentioned, cross the river in a Kn)ull boat, and 
land on the Canadian side, near the Cllllun 
House, on your road to a curiosity in its way — 
the Burning Springs— shown to strangers by an 
old native of Aberdeenshire, (Scollandi. 

Before reaching there, however, you will pass 
Table Bock— a view from oil" which will interest 
you. 

Tablb Rock, of which we give an illustration, 
is situated on the Canada side of tlic rivor, near 
the angle where the Horse-Shoe Full jxjiirs over. 
It is a crag, which inojecis over the edge of ihe 
precipice, and is about l«o feet above llie river. 
I! is now much smaller than ii. former year.t 
large portions having fallen awny Iroin it at dif- 
ferent times. Near Tuble Rock there is another 
staircase, which you may descend and get a 
view from behind the great shoot of wulvr which 
falls over the Ilor»e Shoe, from olf a nairow 
ledge of rock, called Termination Rook,* wliicli, 
together with the ground ull about it, slmkos 
with the immense power of the water pouring 
down upon it. It is only, however, when the 
water is not very full, that this sight can be 
seen. 

A favourite flme with mony for visiting the 
falls is at sunset, about which time some nio.st 
beautiful phenomena are to be soon. Again, tlio 
view by moonlight is considered to be very line, 
and presenting totally difierent foulures from 
any thing to be seen during the day. In wnitor 
time also, we understand, the Falls, together with 
the scenery around them, present sights well 
worth being seen by every tourist. 

To reach Burning Springs it is a considerable 
walk round from the Clifton H<uisc, so tliat 
most parties engage a conveyance tliitber. The 
pedestrian, however, will enjoy the walk vcrv 
much. The charge at the Bui ning Springs is 
25 cents each. 

BuRNiNQ Springs. — From the sketth we give, 
readers at a distance will see an exact re|)rcsent- 
otion of where the Spring is exhibited, in an 
old wooden "shanty," pitch dark, but lighted 
up by the attendant, as he applies u light to the 

• Since this was written, we understand that Ter- 
mination Rock has been washed away— thu>, we fear. 



lusRiMigcrs. Fare for tlie 

I beaiitirullr clear ntrpiim 
:k, iit kept niiiriiii); cmi- 
I provided for tlic use of 

, to wlioni tlie property 
icli lately to inipnive the 
;e ull around, iind added 
and coiireiiience of visit- 
, etc., etc. 

time ut foiiit View, you 
vn the incline we Imve 
iver in a huiuII hoat, nnil 
I side, neiir the CliOoii 
I II curiosity in its way — 
shown to strangers by an 
shire, (Scotland i. 
J, however, you will pa.^s 
lu off which will interest 

ti we ({ivc an illnstnilinn, 
Ja side of the river, near 
rse-Shoe Full pours over, 
ects over the edge of the 

IGO feet above the river, 
r than in former years, 
alien awny from it at djf- 
ile Uock there is anothur 
nay deseend and get sx 
•eat sheet of walor which 
hoc, from oH' u nairow 
rmination Kock,* which, 
ind all about it, shakes 
er of the water pouring 
nly, however, when the 

that this sight can be 

h many for visiting the 
t which time some most 

to be seen. Again, the 
nisidered to be very line, 
diQ'erent features from 
ring the day. Inwniter 
I, the Falls, together with 
;m, present sights well 
ery tourist. 

'ings it is a considerable 
Clifton House, so tliat 
onvcyance thither. The 
ill enjoy the walk very 
the Uuiniug Springs ia 

rom the sketch we give, 

1 see nn &xact represent- 
ing is exhibited, in an 
pitch dark, but lighted 
he applies a light to the 

I we understand that T«r- 
ished away— thus, we fear, 
obtolaiog the view her« al- 



i 



NIAGAR.V FALLS. 




THE BURNING SPRINGS, NUGARA. 



gas, as it issues up through an iron pipe fixed in 
a barrel, which is placed amidst the water 3 or 
i feet underneath. The wotcr, which is charged 
with sulphurated hydrogen gas, rises in the rock 
close at band, and forces its way up througli the 
bed of the stream, which is there. Sometimes 
it burns much brighter than at other times, the 
water emitting a strong smell, similar to that 
of some mineral springs When at Burning 
Spring*, another and dill'erent view from any 
hitherto seen, is presented of the River Niagara, 
as it conies down from Lake Krie, and, in sum- 
mer, the scenery in the neighbourhood of the 
Springs is. beautiful in the extreme. 

^.eaving the Burning Springs, you may now 
pi-oceed to the battle-ground of Lundy's Lane 



learn that the American, who preceded or fol- 
lovved you on your visit, was parted company 
with on the same terms, and with an equally 
tluttering account of bow the Americans licked 
the British, and, of course, also won the battle! 
On the way to Lundy's Lane, you may pass 
through the pretty little village of Drunimond- 
ville, named after General Dnimmond, com- 
mander of the British forces at the bottle refers 
red to. From Lundy's Lane you may now 
proceed on to the Suspension Bridge and the 
Whirlpool. Particulars respecting the Suspen- 
sion Bridge will be found annexed, with illus- 
trations of it. 

TiiK Whirlpool can be seen from the Canada 
side of tho river. When at the Suspension 



There a wooden tower is erected, for the beuetit Bridge you proceed along the top of the em 

of those who wish to ascend and obtain u mag- baukment, through fields and brushwood, fol 

nificent view of the country. On the top of this lowing the course of the river, till iU course 

tower one of the heroes of the Battle of Lundy's turns at a right angle on towards Lake Ontario, 

Lane will bo met with, in the shape of an ut- It is nt this angle of the river where the whirl 



tcndant, who will be glad to point out to you all 
the points of interest connected v ith the' fight- 
ing between the Americans and the British, on 
those very fte'ds you will there survey. If you 
happen to be British visitor, the foithful at- 
tendant will not wound any national prejudices 
you may have regarding who was most success- 
ful on particular occasions during the struggle, 
but rai.'ier flatter them by leading you to under- 
stand- thst, of eo.tr?e, the British came off vic- 
torious. You will, however, perhaps, be in 



pool is. An excellent view of the river ond 
scenery along its banks, and around the whirl 
pool, is to be had from the Canada side imme 
dialely above it, and the beauty of the scene there 
may tempt you 1 1 prolong your rest on the 
wooden seat erected there for the wearied trav- 
eller. 

The visitor who expects to see an immense 
whirlpool will, we think, be disappointed, as the 
W tiirlpool, so called, consists of a series of eddies 
in the rapid stream as it reaches the end of the 



some doubt, after all, as to that, if you take the gorge at the angle of the river-more rcmarka- 
tpt duU of this military chronicler, when you | ble for being raised up in the centre of the 

13 






NIAGARA FALLS AND ROUTES. 



■tretm, than for any groaf nimilnritv to an im- 

""■ wliirlpoul, wliicli nianv i-xprc't tc »n: 

The bo.t vifw, hott-eviT. of till- WliirliMKil in to 

bi- (mil at the i-<l,{e of the river, on tin- Anu-riciM 

Ki.lf, I'JtacMlv o|.,K.»it». to the point invntioncl 

abovf. 1 o r.Micli Ihero. vou prwof.l acre.,.* tin- 

hii»iH.n,i„„ Uri.lge, turn to vour \vi\ and walk 

along till, pnl.lic rott.l till you reach l)i.vu„x'« 

tollPgc-which you cannot but obKcrvo a» vou 

K<> along. Thm. yon turn from olf the pub- 

lie roml. und foll.„v n narrow road ll.rou^'h a 

duu»c wood, until you reach a «nmll wooden 

house, wlore you will find partieit rea.lv to «ive 

you all information re»i)ectiug the path down 

to the edge of the river below. You there pav 

25 cents, which goes to the Hupport if Devniix's 

College -u college cMublished, ut a cost of 

•'•'^' '• b.V a Frenchninn named Devoux, for 

^c free nmintenance and e<lucution of Iiki b<iy(». 
You will, in all probability, be pleased with vour 
T181I to the Whirlpool. WhiUt there, youmav 
proceid to the Uevirs Ilule. a short way dowii 
the river, c the same aide, and which consints 
of a chasm of about '.'oo fwt deep on the bank 
of the river. The snndl stream whkih pours 
over the precipice ulwve there, is c«Ile<l Hlo„dy 
Run— named so in consequence of the colour 
given to it on one occasiiui by the bloiHl of the 
Brili,l, troops mixing with it, during an en- 
gagement with some Indians and French dur- 
ing the war there in 17i!3. 

Biiock's MosriiENT forms one of the "lions" 
of .Viugaru, which tourists, in approaching fn.m 
Toronto, per steamer and rail, will oLseive to 
great advantage, as they proceed in the curs/i-oni 



the town of Niagaro to Suspension Bridge, n 
stonds on Queenstown Heights (Canada sidei 
Erected to the British general, Sir Isanc Brock! 
who fell in the engagement fought there in \s\-l. 
On the top stands the statue of the gallant olHcer, 
Although a considerable distance from the Fulls, 
(about 7 miles,) yet if the tourist has time, the 
visit to it will repay the time and trouble, as a 
most magniticent view of the river, countrv 
round about, and Luke Ontario is there obtained 



Opposite Queenstown, on the River .Viagnrn. 
IS Lewistoii-fumous f,.r its stupendous suspeii. 
sioii bridge-even longer than the one further 
up the river, being loj,-, feet long. 

-NuoAHA FALLs.-In additi.m to the name of 
li.e celebrated Falls, the town in the imini.liale 
vu'iiity takes also the name of Niuifara Fulls- 
sitiiHted in the State of New York. 

As is well known, it is the fashionable resort 
of all who desire to make their residence on the 
-Vmerican side of the river. The hotels .re on 
the largest scale, an.l oharactcrixed by great 

K'""<;ence and comfort. Trains arrive at 

and depart from the station at the town, to and 
fi-om which omnibuses run in connection with 
the principal hotels. 

The town on the American side, at Suspen- 
sion Bridge, is known by the name of Niagara 

Travellers for the Falls should check their 
baggage to '■ .Niagara Falls," if they intend resid- 
nig on the American side; and to " Suspension 
Bridge, Clifton." if on the Canadian side-on 
which side there are excellent hotels also 

The large illustration of the Falls given in • 
previous page, was taken from what is consid- 
ered the best point for seeing both the Anieri- 
can and Canadian (or Horse-Shoc) Falls togeth- 
or vi;^ near the Clifton House. on the Canadian 
side of the river. This view was taken bv pho- 
tograph. by M. Hufnagel, photographer, Bro«|. 
way >ew \ork, last summer, and is decidedly 
the best and most correct view of the Falls we 
ever gaw on paper. To preserve as far as pos- 
sible, in the process of engraving, all the details 
01 the great original, we have had .M. Hufnagel'* 
immense photograph re-photographed on a re- 
duced scale on wood, by Price's patent process, 
•nd engraved, so that we can, with confidence, 
refer to the accompanying view of the Niagara 
*oll8 as correct in every particular. 

The other illustrations, excepting the " bird's- 
eye view," have also been engraved from photo- 
graphs. *^ 



HOCTES TO THE FALL& 
.?el7.;i-rirernKl.^r ?r ^^^^^^^ -t^ .^e a^unc. and fare. 



No.L 



raoil IlKW YORK. 



Miles. 



Steamer, from New York to Albany isn' 

K»ll, from Albany to Rochester 229 

Rail, from Rochester to Niagara Falls' ' " Te' 



Cost. 

.11.50 

4.6S 

. 1.68 



Total., 



466....|r.6il 

Pron, New York to Albany the HudfoVRIvCT Ralj: 
road can be taken ; distance, 144 mile. ; fsri; w""). 

N.Vrk and Erie R. R. to Hornellsville. ."aS." M 75 
Rail, from Hornellsville to Buffalo. 91 o'lrt 

Rail, from Buffalo to Niagara Falls.... '. gg..";." oieo 

T"*'' ~m ...^ 

.„^VS^',''t7'''"'!L»"'' *=''• R»llro.d to^Hcldle."!'^- 
•nd Buffalo direct. 29S mllM. th.n^. u. „i,„." "^'"^ '«' 



II0.S. 



raoii xiw To««. 



New York and Erie Railroad to Elmlra 



Miles. Cost. 



Buffalo direct, 29S miles, thence as above. 



U 



» M .: i., r™ """road to Elm ra. . 274 iL>i m 
Rail, from Elmlra to Niagara Falls....". liS::;: 4;io 

''"'•' ..I40...»lai0 

£2 0«. M. stg. 
_ . raoil QCEBOO. 

Rail, to Montreal *'"«?• £?»»; 

Rail, from Montreal to Torinto.'.;;;:;; 883'" low 
Rail, from Toronto to Niagara Falls. i".; Si!;:: i.ss 

'''"''• '588...|irs8 



IIMMiJUIiUji.ip 



iwn, 0(1 iho River Xiagnrn, 
I for its HliipeiuliiiM «ii»|>i-ii. 
'iigcr lliun the one liirtlier 
14') fwt long. 
Ill adiiilion to the name of 

the town iu Ihr iiiiiniiliule 
e name of Niuyura KuIU— 
of New York, 
it i» the fashionable regort 
lake their residence on the 

river. The holelB are on 
1(1 charatteriictl by (jri-at 
iinfort. Trains arrive at 
italion at the town, to and 
i» run in connection with 

Inierican aide, at Snupen- 
I bjr the name of Niagara 

Falls should check their 
Fulls," if they intend resid- 
ilde; and to " Suspension 
n the Canadian side— on 
xcellent hotels also. 
>n of the Falls given in • 
ken from what is consid- 
" seeing both the Anicri- 
Horse-Shoe) Falls logetli- 
n House, on the Cnniidian 
9 view was tiiki-n by pho- 
;i'l, pliotogrupher. Broad' 
Hnimer, and is decidedly 
■ect view of the Fulls we 
> preserve as f«r as pos- 
engraving, all the details 
I have had M. Hufnagel's 
^-photographed on a re- 
y Price's patent process, 
»e can, with confidence, 
Ing view of the Niagara 
• particular. 

», excepting the " bird's- 
m engraved ttom photo- 



Ith the dUUnen and fare, 

w ro««. 

, , „ , Miles. Tost. 

1 toElmlra.. 274.... (6 on 

• Falls 186.... 4.10 

44«...#iaio 

£i U«. 6d. atg. 
7IBI0. 

Miles. Cost. 

• ni....»«.(IO 

»">• 888. ...10.00 

"•uFalto 81.... 1.88 

•• MS...|lTii 

SS n».M.tta. 

• can be taken lo NiHgara, 
; thence rail (14 mlle«) to 
dbtsnes, from Toronto. 
««. stg.), ~* 



THE WHIRLPOOL— BRIDGE TO BATH AND GOAT ISLANDS. 




THE WHIRLPOOI^NIAGARA. 

Ag stated on a previous page, the best view of tlie Whirlpool Is to be had from the edee 
of the river, on the American side, and to give an idea of this scene we present nn noon- 
rate representation of it, taken from ilie point of the angle, where the river, after prootid- 
ing to the point indicated in the fur-olf corner of the aliove sketch, whirls round, and finds 
iu outlet down the river in the foreground, on its way to Lake OnUrio. (See remarks on 
a previous page.) 




THE BRroOE LEADING TO BATH AND GOAT ISLANDS. 

Thb above sketch represents the well-known bridge which spans the river to Bnfh Islnnd, 
and from thence leads aerobe another small bridge to Goat Island. At Bnth Tflnnd pnfspn- 
gers pay the toll of 26 cents, which admit them to cross and recross during nil llio sen=(>n. 
The bridge is not a suspension one, although similar to such in appearance. It i-^ 'miiU on 
three piers, founded in the bed of the rver by m?ans of cribs fiUedwith heavy iiin«onrr, 
and i» altogether a graceful and substantial erection, strong enough for all the trnffic pass- 
ing across it, and for resisting the pow current of the n. pids as they rnsh down and 
flow under it on their way over the Amc. .a Fall 

16 



/i 



If 



t't 



HORSE-SIIOE FALL— UIVEK MAGAHA. 




THE HORSE-SIIOE FALL, 

FROM nBI.OW. 

To get tl,e bert Idea of the magnitude of thi. fall f, for the tourirt to find hU way down 

oh. edge of the r.ver and get as ol„.e as possible to the fall. That can be aeeompH^hed 

en b b.v .I,.oemhng HMdle's .tui.s on .ioat I.h.nd to the edge of the river, and ther.ee by 

v^ alU.ng along the ...K-ks ..nt.l near enough to get a go,.d view. The »e .c^tiou experienced 

there, w nuieh more thrilling than when viewing the fall from above. 




RIVER NIAGARA, BELOW THE FALLS. 

FROM THE CANADA 8IDR. 

One of the best views connected with the river h that presented in the above sketch as 
shows m hoi, ontl.ne the high, rocky, and precipitous embankment which lines both 

.■' , !l".T' ' '"""^'"'- ^* " '"''^" "" *''" ^'"""♦^» "'•le. from near where all which re- 
mains of Tal.le Rock stands; giving an idea of the breadth of the river, the character of 
the roadway, with Clifton House in the distance. 

16 



{.v. 




8t to find Ills wny down 
int con be occotiiplished 
lie river, and tlioiioe by 
eie.satiou experienced 
ve. 




,8. 

1 the above slsetcb as 
lent which lines both 
ir where all which re- 
iver, the character of 



AllEBICAy FALL— VIEW NEAR QUEEN3T0WN. 




TlIK AMERICAN FALL. 

FltDM TIIK CANADA flIDK. 

Till hent view of tho Annricnn Kiill i» tliat to he bcm from the point illMBtrnted in the 
above uliotcli, l)i'iiij< ni'ftr tin- Clillun IIdiiro, on tht- Caiinda pidr <if llie rivtr. A pmtiim 
of (Jdiit island U ri'prt'scnt.'d nt tlif ni,'litdmnd side, witli tin- wmll fnll Ipctwifti it, and 
wlint \a tiTined Liirms I.ilnnd, with tliu great Ainerioiia Full in the cfiitri-, with i'lilnt VifW 
ot the luftliitnd sido, und tlie town of NlaKora Falln funning tlie Imclitrrouiid. Tiiu livcr, 
a short way r.l)ove tlie Amerieun Foil, glidun nither amootlily but swiftly olong, previous 
tu talcing its final leap over the fall. 




NIAGARA— LOOKING TOWARDS LAKE ONTARIO, 

FROM NRAR QUBKNSTOWN nEIORTS, 

The scene represented above u considered one of the finest views which is to be found 
in tlie United States or Canada, embracing, as it does, snch an extent and combination of 
landscape, river, and lake scenery. Below, rolls the misfhty Niagara, appeased after its 
plunging^ and boiling career, now swiftly but silently pursuing its cour!*!.' to become en- 
guipiied in the placid waters of Lake Oiituiio, but only to join issue ugniu with its glgaii- 
V". neighbour, the 8t I^wrenee, and then travel in company together for 390 miles, carry- 
ing every other stream along with them — dashing down the rapids in their course, till joined 
by the beautiful Ottawa at a point near Montreal, when these tliree leviothans in the 
world of waters flow on gently towards Quebec, and there, joined by tb« St, Charles, after- 
wards find their exit, and become swallowed up in the " vasty deep." 






I • 



BEOC'I'S MONUMENT. 





BROCK'S MONUMENT, QTJEENSTOWN HEIGHTS. 

TJii above Is an exact representation of the monument erected to the British general. 
Sir I«,ac Brock, who fell on QueenBtown Heights in the memorable engagement foi.gh 
there l„ the war of 1812. It is situated on the heighte on the west bank of the River 
Niagara and forms one of the first object, which arrests the attention of the tourist as he 
app oaches Nmgara per steamer on Lake Ontario; a rapid ,'.aoe of which is also seen as 
the tram proceeds between NinRara Town and Suspension J; ; '... 1>, ...ould be visit .1 by 
an tourists, if for no other rea.,. than there to obtain one.:,. , . .nagnificent reu., 
".the country. Ue landscape around the monument ■ • ,, ,. ■ ..tensive-running 

rit„ J?'""'"'"*'.^ ""f /''■'"' '"'""^'y' "^^'^ '^' '«"« ''""""g to the north completes 
R picture at once grand and inspiring. 

TRENTON FALLS, STATE OF NEW YORK. 

^iky^-^o^T.^:^,^^/ZZi^':^:i^^'1 Canada Creek, whloh «„w, ,hr„..Kh a 

'"T, them, at the e, ,■ , oMhe gZe Xre ihev ar^^^^ < '. ''" l", ""^ '"" "11 the touH,t comei 

vi .,eace, an It come, fr«,n the falh, .mlv to be ^lo.t t S' '„ th'i t^i'r"^^'^ ""',:.•'" "•"»"" "'"' K"" 

oue place, the height of the emhankment to 1*) fie per ?ml|cu lar '"*' °' "'" """""' ''''"'■"=• ^ 

At the upper falU th" d""""-!!' !s "rt fnct »r.-i,r ' >: , '"="""''"»'^- 
the Cascaded (See en^raWng )" ' *■''"■"'' ""= '^'"='' '■""'•^'' "" '" "'« "cond fall,, called 

fairoVf^fe'?" '•.reTnKr«llng',''&a"„\V!ltl' ""nf^Zh"" "il' '"„«" ■"""• "•"'••> •"" « Perpendicular 
there-form the flflh fall with a deseed of .Em r^nTf '°.^'^^' ,"*"■ "■■• ^*>""»^", "h" lo»t hi" life 
reached, named Conrad'i Fali ^" '**'• """" "'* '•"' »' "'"» exquUlte series of falU la 

18 



^'i'lffL 



m 




THE IIIGU FALLS, TRENTON FALLS. 



tGHTS. 

» the British general, 
>le engRgement foiiglit 
i«t bank of the River 
)n of the touriet oh lie 
r which is also seen as 
1^ 'Uould be visit d by 
wt 'nognifieent v'.e^'.i 
.■^ jrtensive — running 
to the north completes 

RK. 

im Albany, on his way to 
ultuiitcd on ilic fllca and 
of (dieliltt. Trenlon Kails 
ill of ilia feet, nnil prpnent 
lan for tlitlr great volume 

ek, willed flows through a 
Been till the tourlut comes 
le water rushes with great 
of the wooded ravine. In 

u the aecond tails, called 

rhlch has a perpendicular 
herman, who lost his life 
i exquisite series of falls Is 




XllE CASCADES, TRENTON FALLS. 



I 



■ 



li 



t i 



! 



GEXESEE FALLS, NEW YORK. 




VIEW OP GENESEE FALLS, NEAR PORTAGE, 

STATE OF NEW YOKK. 

F,I'^^Z"'r "^ ^"""T !' ""' "^ "'" ''°"'"'"'^'' ^"'••'^ "f «■'<"'* Britain a., well as Ameri.n 

of Tnlwit'tht^n" ff i' 7V" t° ^"'"'-'?™""'^- 5' •* """gnificent structure, fo. the purpose 

r ik Zm fli vnf ^^^^^^^ t '" ' '"■' ^''•^' '''"''•'""' *" '^^'•"" ^''« ^-""^J-- Situated nbn^t a 
'M^^T l ] rl "^ ^"'"<"«'' Fall., tin, l„.i,ige spa„s tl.o vallov by it, entire length of 
.- . ieet wuh „ height, from the bed of the rivor, of 2U feet. Th; pLpiees in he vi in 



iry nro, in eome places, 400 feet high, 



Genesee Falls consist of a sorio^ of falls situated at different points. Near Roche-ter 

1h:7ve"* r '" • "^''- '^""^' """"""- ^"" '^ "*-^ ""« -- •-■'''»'' <-«• »'^-;S; 

I tne Mvo,. The point we have selected for engraving fnim a photogi-aph, represents 
ne of the series of falb-from one of the most picturesque spots in the Genesee Valley— 
^ iz.. above the saw mill, near Portage. 

Genesee Falls are much vLsited bj tourists every year 

and xlrlr i r "^"" ''"■^""'^' ''•■'''""-'• '™'^'"'^' '-''•"" ^'«^^ ^■-'^ *» -^^-^renBion Bridge 
/; FnlT ,;'" ""*' '°"™'' """ easily visit the Falls of the Gene.ee on their way to 

'''e tnUs, par excellence, ^ 

20 



ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE. 




AGE, 



n as well ns America. 
1 ite -world-rcnowniM] 
>ll-known richness of 
«nt8 ooe of ita most 

:ture, for the pnrpofe 
y. Situated about a 
y its entire Icnglh of 
ecipices in tlie vicin- 

ts. Near Rochester, 
eight over the moiitli 
otograph, ri'iirescnts 
le Genesee Valley — 



o Suspension Britlge 
Bsee on their way to 



TRIP DOWN THE ST. LAWREXCE. 

FnOM NIAGARA FALLS TO MONTIIEAL AND QUEBEC, 

Via the LaJce« and Eapids. 

Whilst other tours, in .lifferent parts of the United States and Canada, have their attrac- 
tions- particularly, by railroad -and severally present sufficient indueen.ents for a 
visit fr(,m the tourist; none, we believe, presents so great n variety of scenery-nnd that of 
the finest character, accompanied by comfortable locomotion and a few exc'iting incident, 
on the wny-HS are to be met with on the trip from Niagara to Montreal and Quebec via 
Lake Ontaric-down the Rapids of the noble St. I.nwrence-through the Thousand Islands 
and tlie various other lakes, canals, etc., on the route. 

This route may be taken either by steamer all the way from Lewiston or Nia-nra or 
from there to Toronto, Kingston, Cape Vincent, or any of the other points of stoppage 
on the nver hereafter stated; after visiting which, the tourist can embark on board the 
steamer again at any of the stopping places, and proceed on his journey 

To render this trip ns intelligible as possible, we propose placing'the names of each 
place of in crest, on both sides of the river, in such order that the stranger will at once 
be able to know on which side each town is situated. This will be seen at once by mak- 
ing a division m the page, representing the channel of the river, with the towns, rapid, 
lakes and canals placed in their relative positions; so that, with the distances and .-outeJ 
given elsewhere, we hope to render such information as will be useful and interesting to 
the reader. AVe shall take Lewiston as the starting point. 

ROUTE FROM LEWISTON (NIAGARA) TO QUEBEC. 

TOWNS AND STOPPING-PLACES. 



CANADIAN, OR NORTH BANK OF RIVER. 

QuEKNSTow.v, a village situated nearly 
opposite to Lev#i8ton. Its chief objects 
of attraction are tlie handsome Sus- 
pension Bridge, with Brock's Monument, 
situated on the heights, from which a most 
magnificent view of the lake and tlie sur- 
rounding country is obtained. 



AMERICAN, OR 901TH BANK OF RIVER. 

Lewiston is the point hom which the 
steamer starts— being at tlie head of river 
navigation- about 7 miles from Niagara 
Falls, and 7 miles from the mouth of the 
river, whence it falls into the Ink.. The 
Buffalo, Niagara Falls and Lewiston Rail- 
road terminates at this place. 



LAKE ONTARIO. 

Tms is the smallest and most easterly of the five great lakes which communicate with 
he .St Lawrence, and divides the State of New York from Canada, on t'-e north It is 
190 m, es long, and its greatest breadth 55 miles. Its greatest depth is 60,, feet and it is 
navigable ,„ every part for the largest-sized ships. It is never entirely closed with ice 
and rarely freezes, even in the coldest weather, except in shallow places along the shore' 
In summer time, a sail npon this lake is delightful, especially t« the ander, who, if he 
chooses to cast his lines into its usually placid waters, will find ho dearth of fish, which 

; Ills :" '", 7*\T":'^'^y- «" «*>•- -'« "f the lake are seen numerous towns and 
villages, several of which are of considerable business importance. We a,,pend brief 
notices of the most noted of these places. 



CANADIAN SIDE. 

In proceeding along the north, or Cana- 
dian, side of the lake, the first point 
touched is 



21 



AUEBICAV srni;. 

The first stopping-place on the Ameri- 
can, or south, side of the Lake is 

YouNosToWN, 6 miles below, and 1 mile 



KOUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWHENCE. 



Toronto, the second most itnportaiit 
city in Cnnntln. Tlii.< city presents a much 
finer appearance from the lake than when 
approached by railway. Toronto boasts 
of a large number of fine buildings and 
elegant churches, as well as of extensive 
and tasteful blocks of business stores; and 
the beauty of their appearance is much 
enhanced by the lai ,a number of trees, 
and the quantity of shrubbery that adorns 
many of its streets. King street, its prin- 
cipal thoroughfare, is two miles long, and 
is lined on both sides with handsome 
stores and public buildings. 

Leaving Toronto, tlie first town of any 
particular not>, on the Canadion side, is 

Port AVhitby., 29 miles below. This is 
the chief town in Ontario County, and 
contains near 4,000 inhabitants. It is a 
station on the Grand Trunk Railway, and 
is a stopping.place for steamers from Tor- 
onto to Rochester, etc. 

OsiiAWA, 4 miles below, is a fine town of 
3,000 inhabitants, on the Grand Trunk 
Railroad, and communicating with the in- 
terior towns by lines of stages. A great 
qnnntity of fiour is shipped from here. 

BowMANviLLE, 10 miles below, lies a 
little back of the lake, to which it is con- 
nected by Darlington Harbour. In 1850, 
the place was incorporated a village, since 
which period its growth has been very 
rapid. The town has excellent water 
power within and around it The country 
around is unsurpassed for fertility and 
salubrity by any in Canada. It has a 
population of about 6,000. 

Port Hope is about 20 miles below 
Bowmanville, and, like it, is a station on 
the Grand Trunk Railroad. It is also con- 
nected by roilway with Lindsay, 40 miles, 
and with Peterborough, 29 miles distant. 
Steamers also ply between this place and 
several towns lying north, on Lake Stur- 
geon. Port Hope is built on an acclivity, 
the summit of which is capped with beach 
and pine, and clothed with villas, embow- 
ered among the trees. The principal 
street runs from the horbour to the top of 
the hill, and is lined with elegant stores, 
beautiful dwellings and commodious ho- 

— ^' '•*" 'iHii tttni aioncrcai Bank 

form prominent objects to a spectator 
placed upon the quay. And the graceful 



Hi 

H 
OQ 

» 
H 

P^ 
O 

h) 

W 
o 



n 



above, old Fort Niagara, at the mouth of 
the river, and which possesses a fine na- 
tural harbour, open at all seasons of the 
year. The river is hero about half a mile 
in width, across which a ferry plies to the 
village of Niagara, on the Canadian side. 

Fort Nuoara.— In passing into the lake, 
this old relic of former times is especially 
noticeable. As early as le^g, this spot 
was inclosed by La Salle, the explorer of 
the Mississippi. In 1725, a pallisade fort 
was constructed by the French. In 1759, 
it was taken by the British, who, in 1796' 
gave it into the hands of the Americans. 
In 1813, it was taken again by tlie British, 
and recaptured by the Americans in 1816. 
There is no doiibt that the dungeons of t'ns 
old fort have been the scenes of horciM -. 
suffering and of crime, from the times of 
the old Indian and French wai-s, np to the 
days of the Revolution. In its close and 
impregnable dungeons, the light of day 
never shone; and here, doubtless, many a 
poor prisoner has been compelled to un- 
dergo the "tort\ire," in addition to his 
other nameless sufferings. 

As, after entering the lake, no place of 
much importance is reached for some 
hours, the tourist should embrace this 
opportunity of getting a good view of the 
scenes he is about leaving. On a clear 
day, a fine view is presented of Brock's 
Monument, and the grand heights of 
Queenstown, 9 or 10 miles distant, which 
rise nearly 500 feet above the waters of 
the lake. 

After passing several small settlements, 
we reach 

CiiAnioTTE, or Port Genesee, at the 
mouth of the River Genesee, port of entry 
for Rochester, 7 miles distant, and 87 miles 
from Niagara. This town possesses a safe 
harbour, being protected by two long 
piers, on one of which is located a light- 
house. A number of steamers run daily 
from here to several of the principal places 
on both sides of the lake. 

The Falls of Genesee.— These beautiful 
falls, second only to Niagara, are objects 
worthy of notice. The banks of the Gene- 
see, just above Charlotte, rise from 60 to 
150 feet in heiglit Tlie river is naviga- 
ble as far as Carthage, which may be 
called a suburb of Rochester. From tiiis 



ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWKEXCE. 



iagarn, at the mouth of 
icli poMesses n fine lin- 
en nt nil seasons of the 
9 hero about half n mile 
liich a ft-rry plies to the 
, on the Canadian side. 
•In passing into the lake, 
Tmep times is especially 
»rly as 1619, this spot 
i» Salle, the explorer of 
n 1725, a pallisade fort 
'the French. In 1759, 
e British, who, in 1796' 
inds of the Americnns. 
n ngain by the British, 
the Americans in 1815. 
Iiat the dungeons of t'ns 

the scenes of horii'l ■. 
rime, from the times of 
French wars, up to the 
ition. In its close and 
ions, tlie light of day 
lere, doubtless, many a 
been compelled to un- 
e," in addition to his 
rings. 

; the lake, no placs of 
is reached for some 
should embrace this 
ng a good view of the 

leaving. On a clear 

presented of Brock's 
e grand heights of 
i miles distnnt, wliich 

above the waters of 

iral small settlements, 

ORT Genesee, nt the 
Genesee, port of entry 
8 distant, and 87 miles 

town possesses a safe 
)tected by two long 
eh is located a light- 
if steamers run daily 
)f the principal places 
lake. 
SEE.— These beautiful 

Niagara, are objects 
lie banks of the Gene- 
lotte, rise from 60 to 
Tlie river is naviga- 
lage, which may be 
ochester. From this 



curve of the viaduct, resting on piers of 
solid masonry, over which the Grand 
Trunk Uiiilway is carried, tends to enhance 
the jncturesqueness of the view. The 
town is surrounded by a rich agricultural 
district, diversified by hill and dale, wood 
and stream; the evidence of which is the 
number of wagons — ci'animed with quar- 
ters of fat beef, mutton and pork, turkeys, 
chickens, eggs, butter, vegetables and 
fish — to be seen crowding the Town Hall 
Square on Saturdays. 

The lumber trade carried on at this 
port is also very extensive. Population 
about 8,000. 

CoBURo, 8 miles below Port Hope, is the 
terminus of the Coburg and I'cterboroiigh 
Railroad. It has a good harbour, and 
does an extensive shipping business with 
Rochester, and other cities on the opposite 
side of the lake. Victoria College, estab- 
lished by act of the Provincial Legislature, 
in 1842, is in this town. It also contains 
the most extensive cloth manufactories in 
the Province. There are also iron, marble 
and leather manufactories, with a number 
of breweries and distilleries, 9 good hotels, 
and 60 or 70 substantial stores. Popula- 
tion about 6,000. 

CoLBOKKE, 11 miles below Coburg, is a 
flourishing town, having a fine buck coun- 
try, whose produce finds quick sales in 
its markets. It has a good landing for 
Bleaniers, many of wliich touch here on 
their passages up and down t,he hike. 

A good business is done in this town in 
curing white-fish and salmon-trout, which 
abound in the lake, and ore taken in great 
quantities. A stnge-route is established 
between this place and Norwood, 32 miles 
distance. Fare, $2. 

Leaving Colborne, the steamer soon 
readies tlie widest part of the lake, and, 
running a distance of some 25 miles, 
jiasses Nkholax Point and Mand, Wicked 
J'oint, and Point Peter, on the latter of 
which is a fine li'»ht-house. This light is 
a conspicuous object to mariners, wlio, 
when off Prince Edward's, the mnin-land, 
experience the full force of easterly and 
westerly winds. 

DLck IsLANo, wiiieli is attached to Can- 
ada, is another noted object for the mari- 
ner, .either ascending or descending the 



2-3 



place, to Rochester proper, there are a suc- 
cession of falls and rapids, some of the 
former being -cry grand and iinpo8ing_ 
The falls at Carthage are 75 feet, one a 
little further up is 20 feet, and the grcot 
falls— within the city, a few feet from the 
Central Railroad Bridge— is 96 feet. It 
was at these latter falls that the once fa- 
mous Sam Patch made his last leap, by 
which he lost his life. He commenced his 
singular career by plunging from the Puw- 
tucket Falls, in Rhode Islond, ond after- 
wards continued to jump from all the liigh 
bridges, and other elevated points in the 
country, including Niagara, without meet- 
ing an accident. It is supposed that be 
was intoxicated at tlie time he made liis 
last jump, and hence lost his balance dur- 
ing his descent, and struck the water hori- 
zontally, which must have knocked the 
breath entirely out of his body, as he was 
not seen to rise after striking the woter, 
although 1 0,000 spectators were anxiously 
looking for his appearance. His dead body 
was found some miles below the falls. 

Further up the river, near the town of 
Portage, N. Y., there are three beautifui 
falls, respectively, 00, 90 and 110 feet, all 
within the space of 2 miles, each differing 
in elinracter, and each having peculiar 
attractions. But more wonderful, thou 
the falls, are the stupendous walls of the 
river, which rise almost perpendicularly, 
to a height of 400 feet, and extend 
along the stream, for 3 miles, witli almost 
as much regularity and symmetry as if 
constructed by art. 

Leaving (he mouth of the Geneaee, the 
steamer passes the small town of Pultney- 
ville, and some other lesser settlements, 
and reaches the mouth of 

Great Sodus Bay, which is 5 miles long 
and 3 miles in breadth, and makes an ex- 
cellent, safe harbour, the entrance of which 
is protected by substantial piers, built by 
the United States. 

Souiis Point is a small town, and port 
of entry, situated at the mouth of Sodus 
Bay. Y^i 

Little Sodub Bay, 14 miles below Great 

Sodus, is another good anchorage ground, 

for vessels to ride, in times of severe 

weother. 

Oswego is on both Bides of Oswego 



liOVTE DOWN THK ST. LAWltEXCK. 



M 



. I 



lake, as it ij the first iinpoitnot isliiiul iiiut, 
in the pii9siii,'e fioiii tiie lieiid of tiie hiiiu, 
on the t'aniida side. In former years, 
immense qunntities of wild ducks gathered 
upon this island, and hence its miine. 

A.MiiKiuiT IsLA.ND, qIso belonging to Can- 
ada, lies a little further on. It is a large 
body of ve!'y fertile land, whieh is under 
a good state of cultivation. Beyond this 
island, we come to the end of the lake, 
and soon enter the mouth of the St. Law- 
rence River. We now pass two islands 

Gage and IFb//— which are the first of 
that astonishing group known as the 
" Thousand Islands." We next come to 

Ki.NGSTo.v, which is probably the finest- 
looking city in Canada, although not do- 
ing a business equal to Montreal or To- 
ronto. A tourist, speaking of this city, 
says: 

" The view of the city and surrounding 
ecenery is not surpassed by the a]i[)roaches 
to any other city in America. A few miles 
above Kingston, the waters of Lake Onta- 
rio are divided by the first of the long se- 
ries of islands so well known to tourists 
as the ' Thousand Islands,' of which Sim- 
coe and Grand, or Wolfe Islands, opposite 
the city, may be looked upon as strong- 
holds designed by nature to withstand the 
encroaches of the waves of Ontario. On 
approaching from the west, by water, the 
first object that attract? the traveller's at- 
tention is Fort Henry, with the naval sta- 
tion of Fort F-ederiek at its base, and its 
attendant battlements, fortifications, tow- 
ers and redoubts." 

Fort IIkxky is a favourite resort for vis- 
itors, and its elevated (losition atfords the 
best view that can be had of the city, 
lake and surrounding country. 

The principal public buildings are the 
City Hall, Courtllouse, Roman Catholic 
Cathedral, Queen's College, Roman Catho- 
lic College, (Jeneral Hospital, Penitentia- 
ry, 10 or 18 fine churches, banking- 
houses, etc. The City Hall is one of the 
finest edifices in Canada, built of cut lime- 
stone, at an expense of near 8100,000. It 
has a spacious hall, holding over 1,000 
persons. There are 20 steamers, and 
about 50 sailing vessels, owned here; 
and these, besides other Canadian and 
American craft, are mostly occupied in 



O 



O 
12! 



24 



River, at its entrance into Lake Ontario 
and is the largest and most active city oii 
the lake. There are from 15 to i» flour, 
ing-nrills, making over lo.oiio barrels of 
flour per di.y when in operation, and 
about a dozen elevators, with storage- 
room for 2,00(»,000 Inishels of grain. It is 
handsomely built, with streets lou feet 
wide, crossing cacJi other at right angles. 
The river divides the city into nearly two 
equal parts, which are connected by two 
bridges, above ship navigation. 

The number of vessels which arrive and 
depart from this port is very large. It is 
estimated that one-half of the entire trade 
of Canada with the United States is car- 
ried on with Oswego. A railroad, 36 
miles in length, connects Oswego with 
Syracuse. The Oswogo Canal also con- 
nects at Syracuse witli the Erie Canal. 
Oswego ranks as one of the greatest grain 
markets in the world, being second on this 
continent only to Chicago. From her pcv 
silion, she must continue to hold her ad- 
vantage, and, in spite of all rivalry, will 
always command the greatest portion of 
Canadian trade. The population of Os- 
wego is about 20,000. 

Leaving Oswego, we pass Mexico Bay, 
into which empties 

Salmon River, at the mouth of which is 
a small town, called Port Ontario. Salmon 
Rioer Falls are classed among the greatest 
natural curiosities of the country. The 
current of the river is disturbed, about 6 
miles from its mouth, by 2 miles of rapids, 
which terminate in a fall of loV feet. At 
high water, the sheet is 250 feet in width, 
but, at low water, is narrowed to about 
half that extent. At the foot of the falls 
the water is very deep, and abounds in 
fine fish, such as salmon, trout and bass. 

Sackett's Harbour, 45 miles north of 
Oswego, possesses one of the most secure 
harbours on the lake. During the war of 
1812, with England, it was used as the 
rendezvous of the American fleet on Lake 
Ontario. A large war- vessel, comnienoed 
at that time, still remains here under cover. 
Madison Barracks, garrisoned by United 
States troops, is situated ne«r the landing. 
Black Rivkr, juat beyond, is 120 milos 
long, but its navigation is much impeded 
by a succession of rapids and falls. It 



ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE. 



ICC into Lake Oiitnrio 
ikI nu)st nelive oitj- on 
u from 10 to 2(1 flour. 
>vi;r lo.uiio buri'els of 
t'li in opuration, and 
;vator8, with storage- 
Miislic'h of grain. It ia 
witli streets loO feet 

other nt rigiit angles, 
e city into nearly two 
are connected by two 
navigation. 
ssels which arrive and 
pt is very large. It is 
alf of the entire trade 
United States is car- 
;go. A railroad, 36 
innects Oswego with 
'ogo Canal also con- 
vith the Erie Canal. 

of the greatest grain 
, being second on tliis 
ieago. From her po- 
nne to hold her ad- 
le of all rivalry, will 
i greatest portion of 
le population of Os- 

we pass Mexico Bay, 

he mouth of which is 
^oH Ontario, isalmon 
i among the greatest 

the country. The 
3 disturbed, about 6 
by 2 mile? of rapids, 
fall of 107 feet. At 
is 250 feet in widlii, 
narrowed to about 
the foot of the falls 
ep, and abounds in 
)n, trout and bass. 

45 miles north of 
of the most secure 

During the war of 
it was used as the 
erican fleet on Lake 
•-vessel, commenced 
lis here under cover, 
rrisoned by United 
d ne»r the landing. 
'ynrA, is I'iO nules 
1 is much impeded 
pids and falls. It 



carrying passengers and produce which 
come from inland by the liideau Canal, 
and from the Bay of Quinte, to the differ- 
ent ports on the lake. 

There are several minerol springs in 
Kingston, which have attained some ce- 
lebrity for their medical properties. One 
of these, situated near the Penitentiary, la 
said to resemble the celebrated Chelten- 
ham Springs, in England. Another, whose 
waters are unusually strong, and, by ana- 
lyzation, have been found to contain val- 
uable medical virtues, has been likened 
to the Artesian Well at St. Catherine's. 



gives, however, great water power, and 
its banks are covered with prosperous 
towns and villages. 

CitAiMONT Bay, just above Black River, 
abounds in a variety of fine fish, large 
quantities of which are taken by estab- 
lished fisheries. 

Cape St. ViNrEXT ia nearly opposite 
Grand or Wolf Island, and is the northern 
terminus of the Watertown and Rome 
Railroad. In the warm months, this place 
is much resorted to by fisliing and pleasure 
parties, being contiguous to the "Thou- 
sand Islands." 



THE THOUSAND ISLANDS. 

TuESB Islands, which have obtained a world-wide celebrity, consist of fully 1800 islands, 
of all sizes and shapes— from a few yards long, to several miles in length ; some, presenting 
little or nothing but bare masses of rock, whilst others are so thickly wooded over, that 
nothing but the most gorgeous green foliage (in summer) is to be seen ; whilst, in autumn, 
the leaves present colours of ditferent hues of light crimson, yellow, purple and other 
colours scarcely imaginable, and yet more difticult to describe. 

The tourist who is fond of practising the " gentle art," will find any quantity he is able 
and willing to fish for— the river abounding in fish of the most marvellous quantity and 
size. The angler will find plenty of excellent accommodation at Clayton or Alexandria 
Bay, with boats, etc. To enjoy a day or two amongst the Thousand Islands to the most 
advantage, is for the tourist to take up his quarters for a few days at either of these places, 
and sail amongi^t the islands with a row-boat. The tourist who is ocquaintcd with the islands 
on " Lomond's Silver Loch," opposite Luss, in the Highlands of Scotland, will have some 
idea of what the Thousand Islands are — only that the latter extend fully 50 milts 
along the channel of the St. Lawrence, with some of the islands of much larger dimen- 
sions than those either on Loch Lomond or Loch Katrine. Names are given to some of the 
islands, whilst several have light-houses erected upon them. 

With these remarks, we will now proceed, as if on board the American steamer, 
down Ihe American channel, through them— there being one channel for the Canadian 
Company's boats, and another for the American Company's, 



Leaving Kinj, ton, the tomist in the Ca- 
nadian Company's steamer will proceed on 
for .■'ix miles, and enter the regions of the 
Thousand Islands. For a description of 
the scenery of the route, we quote from a 
writer who thus describes it: 

"These inlands appc:ir so thickly stud- 
ded, that the appearance to the spectator, 
on approaching them, is as if the vessel 
steered her course towards the head of a 
landlocked bay which barred all further 
progress. Coming nearer, a small break in 
t!^e line of shore opens up, and he enters 
between what he now discovers to be 
islands, and islands which are innumera- 
ble. Now, he sails in a -.fide channel be- 



» 



26 



Leaving Cape Vincent, the steamer now 
proceeds towards tlie islands, and, after 
winding her course amongst them lor 
about twenty miles, reaches the stopping, 
place called 

Clayton, a small, well-built village, 
from which a considerable lumber trade 
is carried on, several rafts of which may 
probably be seen in French Creek, close 
at hand, ready for being " run " down the 
St. Ijiwrence to Montreal or Quebec. Sev- 
eral of the finest steamers which navigate 
the St. Lawrence were built here, 

Alexandria Bay, 12 miles from Clayton, 
is soon reached — in app-oaching which, 
the tourist will admire the exquisite 




SI 



KOUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWHEXCE. 






g i 

o •< 

^ a 



O 2 

CO b 

to * 

6-1 M 



twcen more distant sliores ; flgnin, lie enters 
into a strnit bo narrow tlmt the large pnd- 
dle-lioxes of flie steamer alinost sweep tlie 
foliage, on either side, na slie pursues her 
devioiib course. Now, tlie islands are miles 
in eirciiniference ; and oi;iiiii, he passes some 
whieh are very small, shaded by a single 
tiny tree occupying the handful of earth 
which represents the ' dry land.' On all, 
the trees grow to the water's edge, and 
dip their outer branches in the clear blue 
lake. Sometimes the mirage throws its 
air of enchantment on the whole, and the 
more distant islands seem floating in mid- 
heaven — only descending into the lake as 
a nearer approaok dispels the illusion, and 
when the rushing steamer breaks the fair 
surface of tlie water in whicli all this love- 
liness is reflected, as in a mirror." 

BiiocKviLLE (Canada West) is the county 
town for the united counties of Leeds and 
Grenville. A steamer plies to Norristown, 
on the Amencan side. All the American ' 
as well as Canadian steamers touch here. 
The tourist cannot fail to admire the fine 
location of Brockville, and its numerous 
tastefully laid out gardens, stretching 
down to the river's edge, as well as some 
neat built villas on the banks. Named 
after Gen. Brock, ■whose monument, at 
Queenstown Heights, commemorates his 
fall in battle there in 1812. Distant from 
Kingston 48 miles by rail, and Montreal 
125 miles. The steamer, after leaving 
Brockville, proceeds for 12 miles, and 
reaches the town of 

Prescott, which is situated almost im- 
mediately opposite to Ogdensburg. At 
Prescott, both lines of steamers touch. 
From there, branches off the railroad to 
Ottawa City — the future capital of Cana- 
da — a visit to which will well repay the 
tourist 55 miles to Ottaw."* per railroad. 
Considerable amount of business is done 
with Ogdjnsburg, opposite, to and from 
wliicli plies two ferry steamers. Popula- 
tion abou'„ 4,000. 113 miles from Mon- 
treal bj rail. 

One mile below Prescott is " Windmill 
Point," being the ruins of an old wind- 
mill, where, in 1837. the Ciinadinn pa- 
triot?, under a Polish exile named Von 
Shultz, established their headquarters, 
but were subsequently driven from it, with 
Great loss. 



27 



scenery which now opens up to view on 
every turn which the steamer takes. From 
Alexandria Bay, some of the finest views 
of till' islands, to our mind, are to be seen ; 
whilst from tlie high points near the vil- 
liiire, upwards of one hundred of the 
islands can be counted in one view. The 
situation of Alexandria Bay iniis't always 
render it a favourite place with tlie tourist 
who dflii;hts in romantic situations or 
good spoit. After steaming along for 
other 'ii miles, the last of the Tlioiisand 
Islands is seen, and the steamer touches 
on the Canadian side, at the thriving and 
prettily situated town of Brockvile (tana- 
da West). 

MoitiusTowN is situated exactly o[iposite 
Brockville, with wliich it is connected by 
steoni ferry every half hour, 1 mile dis- 
tance, 

Tlie American steamer, after leaving 
Brockville, proceeds on to 

OGDKNSBuno, now an important link in 
the chain of communication between the 
United States and Canada, with a rail- 
road to Lake Champlain, (118 miles off) 
and which also connects at House's Point 
with the other lines, to Boston and New 
York, as well as to Montreal. A consid- 
erable trade is done at Ogdensburg, 
whilst the situation of the town is one of 
the prettiest on the whole route. Settled 
by the French in 1748, attocked by the 
Mohawk Indians in 1749, and, on the de- 
feat of Montcalm at Quebec, tlie settlement 
was abandoned by the French, 

After Ogdensburg, comes Wnddington, 
opposite to Ogden Island. Thirty miles 
further on is Louisville, from which stages 
run to Messina Springs, 7 miles distant. 

The American steamer proceeds on- 
wards to the first rapid in the route, 
known by the name of Gallop's Rapids, 
succeeded by others of lesser note. (See 
Descent of the Rnpids.) 

Four miles further on is Chimney Island, 
on which stands the ruin of an old French 
fortification. A short distance from there is 

Chryselleb'h Fakm, where a battle was 
fought between the Americans and the 
British, in 1813. at the time when the 
Americans, under Gen. Wilkinson, were 
descending the river to attack Montreal, 
but which attempt was afterwards aban- 
doned. 



ROUTE DOWX THE ST. LAWRENCE. 



ri' 



i! i: 



n 



DESCENT OF THE KAPIIW. 

AT LONG 8AULT. 

TiiE«E Rapids, universally nllowed to be 
tlio most oxti'iisive nnd the most excitiii!^ 
to lie found on this coutincnt, extend in 
continuous lines for ii distimce of nine 
miles— the stream being divided near its 
centre by an island. The channels on 
both sides are descended with safety, al- 
thoui,'h steamers usually pass on the south 
side, which is a tritle narrower than the 
other. The current moves along this chan- 
nel with astonishing velocity, drifting rafts 
at the rate of 12 or U miles an hour, the 
waters alone moving at least 20 miles an 
hour. It needs not the aid of wind or 
steam to descend these swift-sweeping 
waters, and hence when vessels enter the 
current they shut off steam, and trust to 
the guidance of the helm only as they are 
borne on their rapid voyage by the force 
of the stream alone. Nature presents but 
few sights more grand and beautiful than 
is presented from the deck of a steamer 
when descending these rapids. The un- 
equal movement of the waves, as they 
plunge from one eddy to another, causes 
the boat to rise and fall with a motion not 
unlike that experienced on the ocean after 
a gale of wind has disturbed its bosom. 
The constant roor of the waters as they 
dash and leap along their furious course, 
filling the atmosphere with misty foam ; 
the wild and tumultuous force with which 
wave struggles with wave to reach the 
depths below ; the whirlings of the j-awn- 
ing eddies, that seem strong and angry 
enough to engulph any and every thing 
that ventures within their embrace, and 
the ever-changing features, form and 
course of the writliing, restless stream, oil 
unite in presenting a scene of surpassing 
grandeur. 

The navigation of these rapids, although 
generally condueted with entire safety, 
requires, nevertheless, great nerve, force 
and presence of mind on the part of the 
pilots — generally Indians — who essay to 
guide the staggering steamer on its course. 
It is imperative that the vessel should keep 
her head rtraight wiUi the stream, for if 
she diverges in the least, so as to present 
her side to the current, she would be in- 



H 
O 

H 
CD 

H 
O 

W 

o 



28 



ROUTE FROM i'llEscOlT. 

DOW.N TUK HAI'ins, 

The steamer, after leaving Prescott, 
proceeds, pas.-ing, on its way, between 
Chimney Island and Drummond's Island 
—now steering for Tick Island, thenee 
northwest round the western end of Isle 
aux Galops, and by Frascr's Islond to 
a point opposite Lock 27 of the canal, 
which extends from the beginning of the 
Gallop Rap„.s to Point Iroquois nnd rap- 
ids. Instead of passing through that eanul, 
however, the steamer proceeds down the 
Gallop Rapids. 

GALLOP RAPIDS, 
Lv sailing down these rapids, the steam- 
er passes on its way Isle aux Galops, 
and several other small islands in the 
channel, onwards to Long Point— pass- 
ing down the rapids between Tousson's 
Island and the south bank of the river; 
thence on again, and down the Iroquois 
Rapids, shortly after passing which we 
reach Ogden's Island, with rapids on each 
side of it. (At this point the up steamers 
ascend via the Rapide Platte Canal, from 
Lock 23 to 24.) After passing Ogden's 
Island, and several smaller ones, we pass 
Goose Neck Island and Crysler's Island, 
and proceed on between the two Cat 
Islands, the Upper Long Sault— now called 
Croyle's Island- and the rapids on the 
north-western end of it, at Farren's Point, 
where there is a short canal for the up 
steamer to pass through. 

LONG SAULT RAPIDS. 
Saiiino down the rapid there, we pass 
at some distance Dickenson's Landing, 
close to Long Sault Island, and prepare 
to what is termed " shoot the Rajuds 
of the Long Sault"— passing by the 
north channel, and downward through 
the rapids between Sheek's Island and 
Barnhart's Island. After steaming a short 
distance, with smooth sailing, we again 
reach rapids, being those between the 
town of Cornwall and Cornwall Island. 
(The np steamers enter in at Lock 15, at 
Colli wall, and passing along the canal 
with its eight locks, find nn exit at Lock 
22.) For a description -of the passage 



M i'KIiSCOlT. 

IE HAPIDS, 

LT leaving Prescott, 

n its wny, between 

Druniiiioiid'!) Island 

Tick Isliirul, tlience 

western end of I«ie 

y Frascr's I*lnnd to 

ek 27 of tlic cannl, 

lie bepiniiiiig of tlie 

int IroqiKiis and rap- 

iftliroiigii tlint canal, 

proceeds dbwn the 

RAPIDS. 

'se rapids, the steotn- 
y Isle aiix Galops, 
nail islands in the 
Long Point — pass- 
between Tousson's 
bank of the river; 
down the Iroquois 
pushing which we 
with rapids on each 
lint the up stearaera 
Platte Canal, from 
er passing Ogden's 
aller ones, we pass 
id Crysler's Island, 
Veen the two Cat 
?Sault — now called 
the nipids on the 
; at Farren's Point, 
t canal for the up 
h. 

r RAPIDS, 
ipid there, we pass 
ikenson's Landing, 
land, and prepare 

shoot the Rajiids 
— parsing by the 
uwnward through 
iheek's Island and 
!r steaming a short 
sailing, we again 
lose between the 

Cornwall Island. 

in at Lock 15, at 

along the canal 
d an exit at Lock 
n 'of the passage 



CO 



PJ 



i. 5 



m 



? 3 



CO 




ill 








vx 

Ed 



U 



H 






as 






ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWUEXCE. 



•tttiitly coimlicd nnd lust. In order to pre- 
vent diioh <'nt««lro|ilii(.«, ImhiI!* tniviTsiii;; 
tlif riifiiilii ImvB tliclr ruddirn (!iiii8triietid 
In inch a munner timt any Hinoiiiit of 
power can be lirouKlit to l.car upon lliem 
ul uiiy Mionient. Xot only i^ the wliei'l 
giiid.d by BtroiiKly-wronxht, l.ut pliable 
chiiin§, wbiob ure nmtmged iVoni ii position 
near the bows, but a strong tiller is ad- 
justed nt tile *tern, whieh requires the aid 
of four powerful men, while two ure work- 
ing at the wheel, to keep the vessol's lieud 
ill its projier direetion. 

The greatest danger attends the ad- 
venturous raftsmen, wliose skill, cour- 
age and physical strength arw pirhiips not 
excelled by any similar l)ody of men in 
the world. Hut, despite all these adsaii- 
tages, many a raft has been broken, and 
many a gallant raftsman's life has been lost 
ujjoii this retuor8ele!.s tide of waters. 



down the Long Saiilt ICapids, nee tho 
opposite voliinm on this pago. For illus- 
tration of the same, see I'tigraving. 

St. Kkcis is an old Indian village, one 
of th.' historical incidents eoiinected with 
whlidi, is a marauding excursion mudu by 
the St. Regis Indian^ into Massachusetts, 
to recover a bell for their church, which, 
hoviiig been I'Mptured on its way to 
Canada from Irance, was purelia-'ed for 
the ehureli of Decrtield, .MusMichusetts — 
but retaken from there by the said In- 
dians, who claimed it as theirs, and who 
murdered, in the dead of night, 47, and 
ca))tured l\->, of the unsu-peoting and in- 
nocent eiti/.ein of Deertield. Having oli- 
tained the bell, they carried it, sU8|)ended 
from a pole, on their shoulders, for ISit 
mill s, and it now bungs in the Caiholio 
Cl,..rch of St. Uegis, built about 100 
years ago. 



Steamc.'.. in their pn-.s.n-e up '.he St. Lawrence, when they come to the rapi.ls, pass 
round them, by enierinv rlie stupendous canals whicli have been made for the purpose of 
enabling them to puss «,;. lu well as down, the river— although it is in the passage down 
the river, such as we ore now descriliing, in which all the beauty and enjovnicnt of the 
trip Is to be seen and realized. Having passed througli the most exciting ]«irt of the 
whole trip, we now arrive at the town of Cornwoll, at the foot of tiie Long Sault Hapids— 
on tlie Canada side. 

Cornwall is the boundary line between the United States and Canado, so that, 
after this point, all the points of interest remaining arc now within the British pos^ 
sessions. Here the Cornwall CannI may be seen, 12 miles long, by which vessels puss 
UJ5 — as already mentioned. 

LAKE ST. FRANCIS. 

After leaving Cornwall, we proceed on, passing St. Regis Island, situated in mid- 
channel, until we enter Loke St. Francis, passing between the Squaw's Island and But- 
ternut Islands, with lighthouse to the iiortii, in Lancaster Shoal. The steamer now 
steers close to the floating light, onwards to Cherry Island Light, and passing .McO.e's 
Point Light, on the main lond, (north shore,) s^iils on towards the Rapids of Coteau du Lac. 



COTEAU RAPIDS AND CEDARS RAPIDS. 



At the Coteau im Lac R.\rii>9, a cluster 
of sixteen islands interrupt the regular 
navigation, but through which the skilful 
pilot steers first down the rapid between 
the main lond and Giron Island, thence 
down again between French Island, and 
Maple and Thorn Islands, and again be- 
tween Prisoner's Island and Broad Island, 



1^ 

a 

o 
81 



CoTEAtt DU Lac "is a small village, situ- 
ated ut the foot of Lake St. Francis. The 
name, as well as the style of tlie buildings, 
denotes its French origin. Just below the 
village are the Coteau Rapids." 

Cedars Rapids are situated between the 
village of Cedars (north shore) and village 
of St Timoth6, (south shore,) with 8 or 10 



i I !■ 



ROUTE UOWN THK ST. LAWUKNCE. 



niiil ('iiuT){lii|{ lull) Hinoiitli wiitiT iiloiii;- 
•iilf iif (iriiiiil Ulitiiil. iiiiill, Aliiii'tly lifter, 
till' C'i(liii'« Kiiii'iiIk iiru rciiilii'il, 

Ckdaiih. — Till* vlllu^f pri'St'iiU the miiiu- 
niiirk* iif Fri'iK'li ori^iii h* Cdti'iiii ilu l.iu'. 

Ill tllU l'X|ilMrHI(ill III' (it'll. Allllll'INt, II ill' 

tiH'liiiiciil (if llii'ci' liiiiiilrt'il iMi'ii, tliiit wi'i'c 
Ni'lit III iitliirk .Miilllri'lll, Wi'i'u liml 111 (III) 
riijiliU tii'ur tliid place. "Tim pUAi4)f(e 
tlirtiiiuli (liene miiiiU ii* Vei'V cxelllli^f. 
Tliire la II peeiiliiir iiiiiiioti iif the vessel, 
whii'li, 111 ileHeemlimr, fii'i'iii* like Betllimr 
(linvii, iM »liu glides frmii one lei|i{e to iiiiu- 
thiT. Ill pu^Mii^ the I'lipidi of the Split 
U<ii.'k, u pcrKuii, iiiiao(|iiiilnteil with the 
liavii,'iitioii of these riipiiU, will iiliiiost in- 
Vuliiiiliii'U y liolil his lii'eiith until tills h'ili;e 
of roiks, wliU'h la illstlnctly Heeii fmiii the 
iK'c'k of the steiinier, Is pushed. At one 
tliMc the vessel neeins to ho running tli- 
reclly upon it, mid yuu fuel certulii that 
f\\u will strike ; hut n nkilful hand is at 
tlio lieliii, and in uu instaut inuru it U 
passed ill safety." 



•mull UlaniU In the ehiinnel wlni" tlio 
rajiids are, 

till the south side of the rivor i» Ueati- 
hai'iiiil*. 

lliCAi iiAiiMits " Is B sni.'ill vlllai;i' ut the 
foot of the Caseades, on the south hank of 
the river. (Here l r vesselsilili r the Ileail- 
liariiois (.'iiniil — vtitli nine lueks — ainl pass 
around tlu' rapids of the ('a>ead<"', Ci'dars 
and I'oleaii, into Lake St. Franeis, a din- 
tanue of 14 miles.) ()ii the north lunik, u 
liraneh of the Ottawa enters into the St. 
Lawreliee." 

After pa:.sinn down tU/- rapids at Ce- 
dars, the steamer uifiiin enters the sinuotli 
waters of the St. Liiwrenee, only, how- 
I'Vcr, to he soon onee iiioie broken ill upon 
liy the C'usuaJu Itnpids. 



THE CASCADE RAPIDS AND LAKE ST. LOUIS. 



t li 



Ml 



TiiK t^A8CAi(E I'afids nFO situated between Cascade's I'oint and Duissoii I'ointe, in 
wliioli are situated Mary's Ueef, Dog's lleef, Split Hook, Round Island and Isle aux 
Caseades. On the north side of these ra])ids, the mujestlo river Ottawa coiims sweeping 
olon:.', and round both sides of Isle Perrut, and here joins issue with the St. Lawrence, 
in Lake St. Louis. A smooth and jileasant gull of 'li miles along Lnke St. Louis will be 
enjoyed, until the last rapids of all are renuhed, viz., Laehine. 

The Bteainboat track proceeds through Lake St, Louis, passing three floating light- 
Bhlps and the town of Laehine, on north bank, and Coughnawaga, on south bank of river. 



La Chine. — ^This village is nine raileB 
from Montreal, with which it is connected 
by railniad. " The l.ii Chine Rapids be- 
gin just below the town. The current is 
here so swift and wild, that to avoid it a 
canal has been tut around these rapids. 
This canal is a stupendous work, and re- 
flects much credit upon the energy and 
enterprise of the people of Montreal. 

At La Chine is the residence of Sir 
George Simpson, Governor of the Hud- 
son's Bay Coinpony, and of the officers of 
this, the chief post of that corporation. It 
is from this point that the orders from 
heod-ipiarters in London ure sent to ult the 
many posts throughout the vost territory 
of the company ; and near the end of April 



82 



Cauoiinawaoa. — "This Is an Indian vil- 
lage, lying en the south bank of the river, 
near the entrance of the La Chine Kajiids. 
It derived its name from the Indians that 
had been converted by the Jesuits, who 
were called "C'aiiiiliiiaiMfiiin," or " praying 
Indians." This was probably a misnomer, 
for they were distinguished for their pre- 
datory incursions upon their neighbours 
in the New England provinces. The 
Indians at Caughnawiiga subsist chietly 
by navigating barges and rafts down to 
Montreal, and, in winter, by a trade in moc- 
casins, snow-shoes, etc. Thej' arc mostly 
Kiinuiii Catholics, und possess au elegant 
church." 

Many of the Cnuglinawaga Indians are 



ISlllU'l wllii'i; tilt 



Ivor irl lllllll- 



i.ill vllliiL'-' ttt the 
till' Miiiih liank of 
i-lmiili rtlir liiiiii- 
IB Idfks — mill |iiHi( 

• ('ll«c'lll|i'«, ('rilllli 

St, Kmiiol*, II ilU- 

t)iv linl'tli lillllk, u 

iiturs lilt II till' !St. 

lif- rii|iiil* nt (V'- 
eiitri'D tilt' iiiiRiiitli 
I'eiii'i', only, liiiw- 
I't' broken In ii|Miii 



"5. 

iilsMii I'ointe, in 
ml mill Isle iiux 
1 conns swerpiiiij 
the St. Lnwi'fiiee, 
St LuuH will be 

ree flnnting lii{lit- 
th bnuk of river. 

9 is an Imliiin vil- 
bmik of tlio river, 
Lit ('liine Hu|iid9. 
n tlie InilimiK thnt 
■ the ■li'suita, who 
gan" or " praying 
lalily II niisiioiiier, 
(led for their pre- 
their neighbours 
provinces. Tlie 
;b subsist chiefly 
nJ nifts down to 
byn tnule in niuc- 
Tliey nre mostly 

osoeSo till eieglUU 




waga Indians .ire 



ROUTE DOWN THE ST. LAWRENCE. 



each year a body of trained voi/ageurs set 
out hence in large canoes, called maitres 
canots, with packages and goods for the 
various posts in the wilderness. Two cen- 
turies ago, the companions of the explorer 
Cartier, on arriving here, thought they had 
discovered a route to China, and expressed 
their joy in the exclamation of La Chine ! 
Hence the present name, or so at least says 
tradition." 



to be met with on the steamers, and in the 
streets in the cities of Montreal, Quebec, 
and even in New York, selling their fancy 
bead-work, etc. 

La Prairie is some seven miles below 
Caughnawaga, or Village of the Rapids, 
after which the steamer sails on for a few 
miles, and reaches the City of Montreal, 



LACHINE RAPIDS. 

Previous to entering the Lachine Rapids, the tourist may observe the entrance to the 
aqueduct of the water-works which supplies Montreal with water— a gigantic undertaking, 
and affording the citizens of that city a never-failing, unlimited supply of good aqua. 

There are 7 small islands in the channel of the Lachine Rapids. The steamer passes on 
between Isle du Diable, Isle an Heron, and Isle Boket, and after passing down the rapids, 
the steamer proceeds along, passing near to Nun's Island, belonging to the Grey Nun- 
nery, Montreal, and one of the many islands which belong, and yield large resources to, 
the nunneries. A slight rapid, named 

Norman Rapid, is sailed through, and, after passing that great monument of engineering 
skill, the Victoria Bridge, the steamer lands her passengers at the wharf of the city of 
Montreal 

84 



MONTREAL TO QUEBEC. 



MONTREAL TO QrEHEC. 

The tourht who is desirous of proceeding on Ins voyage at once, only staying until after 
he has visued the comn,erc,al capital of Canada, and enjoyed the magnitilnt view from 
the mountain behind the Cty of Montreal, or from o.Fthe top of the Notre Da.ne in Place 
d Annes, w,ll find the Quel,ee stean.ers-comforlnldy fitted up and welh appointed-ready 
to start every evening about six o'clock, Fron, the fact of the stenn.ers sailing both from 
Montreal and Quebec .„ the evening, a short time during daylight is only left for .he trav- 
eller o see much of the nver and its banks between these two cities. This need hardly be 
regretted, however, so much, as the scenery, for the most part, is tame and uninteresting 
-thech.ef attractions being the neat and picturesquely-situated French-Canadian villages 
vh.ch are situated on its banks, here and there, the tin-covered spires of their churches in 
he clear moonhght night-the sailing of the steamer swiftly down the stream, and the 
beautiful moonlight on a still summer's night-all contribute to render such a trip pleasant 
and a change from what is almost nowhere else to be enjoyed in any other trip which can 
be taken in Canada. ' 

Leaving Montreal, therefore, by the steamer, a good view of the city and St. Helen's 
Islana-.n the midd e of the stream-is to be seen. The island is fortified, and commands 
tlie passage of the river. 

The Rap.1.8 OF St. Mary are just below St. Helen's Island, and. although not dangerous 
are very troublesome to the river craft, which are much retarded in their movements l,; 
these obstinate rapids. •' 

The first village passed is that of Longueil-three miles below Montreal, on south side 
of the nver-the terminus of the Grand Trunk Railroad to Portland and Quebec 

LoNouK Point AND Point Aux Thembles, on the Island of Montreal, are successively 
possed on the left, and Boucherville on the opposite shore. 

The Island of St. Theresa is 15 miles below the city, and near the mouth of Ottawa 
Kiver, 

Varennes, on the south-east side of the river, is a beautiful village, which is oi^en re- 
sorted to on account of the mineral springs to be found in its vicinity ' 

William Henrv. or Sorel. 80 miles below Varennes, is a town of some SOOO inhabitants 
It stands on the site of an old fort built in 1665. at the mouth of Richelieu River and the 
hrst permanent settlement was made in 1685. The " fort" was taken, and occupied in May 
1776, by a party of Americans, in their retreat from Quebec, on the death of Gen Mont- 
gomery. 

Leaving Richelieu River, which is the outlet of Lake Champlain into the St. Lawrence 
we pass a succession of small islands, and enter ' 

LAKE ST. PETER'S. 

This lake, which is formed by an expansion of the river, is about twenty-five miles Ion- 
and nine miles broad, but is, for the most part, mhev shallow. Recent improvements ho«' 
ever, have rendered the navigation such that the largest sailing vessels, and the Cana.linn 
and Liverpool steamers now pass up during the summer season to Montreal. Like all the 
other lakes that of St, Peter's assumes a very different appearance in the summer season 
<b.ring mild weather, from what it does during a gale of wind. Then it presents all the 
nppearance. as well as the dangers of the sea, and rafts on their way down the river are 
frequently wrecked on its waters-the violence of the winds and waves beins such as to 
render the rafts unmanageable, and part them asunder, to the loss aometim.s of life as well 
as the timber. 

On the south bank of the river is the small village of Port St Francis, 82 miles from 
Montreal. • 

85 



i' 



MONTREAL TO QUEBEC. 

Proceeding on for other eight miles, the steamer stops at one of the oldest settled towns 
in Cnnado, viz. : 

Three Riveiw, 90 miles from Montreal, being half way between Quebec and Montreal. 
Situated at the confluence of the St. Lawrence and River St. Maurice. Population about 
5000. Tlie most prominent buildings are the Roman Catholic and Protestant churches, a 
convent, jnil, and court-house. Founded in 1018. After leaving Three Rivers the steamer 
proceeds onwards, and shortly passes the mouth of the St. Maurice River, which enters 
tiie St. Lawrence from Canada. The beautiful streom runs a course of some 400 miles in a 
south-east direction, frequently expanding and forming lakes of yarious sizes. Its banks 
are generally very high, varying from 200 to 1,000 feet, and covered with tliick groups of 
variegated trees. It has a number of falls and cascades, and is adorned with several small 
islands. Its principal tributaries are the Ribbon and Vermillion, running from the west, 
and the Wiiidigo and Croche Rivers, from the east The next town reached is 

Batiscax, on the same side of the river, 117 miles from Montreal, and the last stopping- 
place before arriving at Quebec. Batiscnn is reached at an early hour in the morning. 

Richelieu Rapids. — Tiie channel of the river where these rapids occur is very narrow 
and intricate, huge irregular rocks being visible in many places during low water. 
Beacon lights are placed nt the most dangerous points, to aid the mariner in navigating 
these difficult passages, wliich extend a distance of 8 or 9 miles. 

Pursuing our course, we pass the small settlements of St. Marie, St. Anne, Point Aas 
Trembles, and Port Neuf, on t > north, nnd Gentilly, St. Pierre, Dechellons, LothiniAre, and 
St. Croix, o;i the south side of one river. Nearly opposite St. Croix is Cape Sante. 

Cape Sante is about 30 miles above Quebec, on the north side of the river ; a small set- 
tlement called St. Trois being on the opposite shore. The banks of the river rise here al- 
most peqiendicularly to a height of 80 feet above the water, and extend back for many 
miles with an almost level surface. 

Cape Rouge, 8 miles above Quebec, is next passed on the left, when the citadel of Que- 
bec comes into view, presenting a siglit at once grand and deeply interesting, from its his- 
torical associations. 

Chaudiere River, on the right, has a number of beautiful falls a short distance from its 
entrance into the St. Lawrence. 

Wolf's Cove, 2 miles above Quebec, is historically famous as the place where the im- 
mortal Wolft landed with his gallant army in 1759, and ascended to the Plains of Abra- 
ham, where the heroic chief fell mortally wounded, just at the successful termination of 
one of the most daring enterprises ever chronicled in the annals of warfare. 

On the opposite side of the river is Point Levi, a small town of about 1500 inhabitants. 
Here is the Quebec station of the Grand Trunk Railroad. 

On approaching Quebec the character of the country again resumes a more picturesque 
appeorance — the high banks and finely-wooded country showing to great advantage. 
Within a few miles of the City of Quebec some private residences may be seen embosomed 
amid the foliage, in romantic situations, on the heights above, on the north side of the 
river, and on nearing the city the port of New Liverpool may be seen on the right-hand, 
or south side of the river, with some large ships lying at onclior there, as well as all the 
way between there and Quebec; where, during the season of open navigation, immense 
numbers of large vessels may be seen waiting to discharge their cargoes, and load the tim- 
ber of Canada for transportation to all parts of the world, but more particularly to Green- 
ock, on the River Clyde, (Scotland,) and Liverpool, on the Mersey, (England). 

Previous to arriving, the spot may be seen on the face of the embankment where tha 
gallant Montgomery was killed whilst attempting to storm the citadel at that point. 

The steamer, after rounding the high cliffs and Cape Diamond, takes a sweep round in 
the river, and lands its passengers, about seven o'clock in the morning, at the base of tha 
Citadel of Quebec — the " Gibraltar of Amcrioa." 



86 



OTTAWA. 



est settled towns 



OTTAWA, CANADA WEST. 



distaoce from ita 



creases The wn ni '"'""*'' P*""*' "' *''*' I'oP"l«'ion and l.usiuess in- 

«.e nan. of government buildings-wi.h sundry small cann tZ; t . ^^f^Z 

ua Jiarrack I III is however, also the residence of the chief military authority of the nlue 
The " location" of these buildings and the " gun battery" alluded I, is eertninh f he 

ttr : T/"^"'""' ""'^'^ '" ^"-•J" or the United state™.. 1 
respects, even to the famous citadel of Quebec. In the rear is Cental Tn,vn -i \r 

c.p tous embankment running down, almost perpendicular, to the river, several hundred 
feet, thus comp etely sweeping the river and opposite shore, north, east, a ul w • " U a 

recollected tlmt it fl , *V ^ '""'' ''*'"'"'''^' *" """"y ^«'P<^«*«; ^"^ '* ""'^t ''« 
ZZT. that It has been forced into public notice from the cause we have already nl 
luded to, and obtained a publicity, witii which parties at n distance are a , to c„L^ t 
wrong or exaggerated ideas; and if the town is not larger thaHt is tie 1 h 7 
much in the imaginations of individuals, as with the iJZ^u^::Z:'l::1::: 

twe. we fear. 1, A% .ery ^;£rT:-;^::r;^i:^ ::;:::^^^^ 

87 



im 



i— 1 



1 


''■n 

i^ 


y 






••y J 



o 

H 

:| 

a; 

I! S^ 

Cm 

O 



EL, 

CI 

of 

O 
1-^ 



5 



o 




CHAUDIERE FALLS— RIDEAU FALLS, ETC, 
leases at reasonable raU>B have only tended to defeat the very objeet which they, and all 

Z ItTT °"' ^ """ '°;'*"' '^- ^""^ ^^"y ^"""^y '» ^^elr power. a;d offer- 
^g every inducement they can. for parties at a distance to locate amongsf them. In fact, 
the ,dca that Ottawa was selected as the headquarters of the government, has had ax^y 

laZ tf ^ Tt f '"* '^ ^"'' '" ""•"" '''^'"''^ "P"" *•>« town; but there is the conso- 
lation that whether it is to be the seat of government or not, there is no doubt, that of 
necessity, ,t .sdestined to become-it may be gradually-the centre of a much mo;* exten- 
«ve trade a town of much greater importance than it is at present, and the point, round 
wluch radmte a number of other towns, and extensive agricultural districts, of which Ot- 
fZ W 1 ""^'"^l ''•"1 «^°tr«, and, in all human probability, always likely to remain so. 
From ,t a large wholesale and retail trade is, and must always, be don,^with the districte 
rmmd about ; whilst, as .s well known, it is the centre of a district, which, for extensive 
torests of fine lumber, has no superior in America. 

The scenery around Ottawa is far beyond what we had any idea of, and the view from 
the Barrack Hill, is one of surpassing grandeur and eitent, combining in it a trinity of 
nver, landscape, and faU scenery, which few places can boast of 

„-.l^°^rinu ^^I'^'trf'** *"«™''''g)-«t the west end of the town are situated, the 
celebrated Chaudiere FaUs, which fall about 40 feet, and the spray of which may be seen 
a long way off, ascending in the air. 

In the early part of the season, (say in May,) these falls are not seen to so much advan- 
tage, the river then being, generally, so much swollen with the immense volume of water 
from the upper lakes and the tributaries of the Ottawa. Then they partake, in some re- 
spects, moreof the character of huge rapids. Fartheronln theseason, however, theyap- 
pear more m their real character of "falls," and are a sight worth seeing, although they 
are being very much encroached upon, by lumber establishments. An excellent view of 
the falls, as well as o the rapids, is got from off the suspension bridge, which crosses the 

ZIT" '',.^/'r- ^' '^' '"'*■■" '"^"'•'' "f O^^^"' "g"'"' -^H^d New Edin- 
burgh here ,8 a little Niagara, in miniature, in the Rideau FaUs, and one of the prettiest 

little falls to be seen any where. Although only of SO feet fall, they present features 
of interest and great beauty. 

The town of Ottawa is suppUed, in many parts, with gas. Its markets afford an excel- 
lent supply of cheap provisions, whilst the purity of the air, from ?te elevated position 
renders it one of the healthiest towns in Canada. 

Emigrants, in looking to Ottawa, will do well to remember, that it is only the agricul- 
tural labourer, or farmer with capital, to whom its locality offers inducements at present 

Amongst the schemes for connecting Canada East with the AVestern States, is the Ot- 
tawa Ship Canal via the Ottawa and French Rivers to Lake Huron, which, if successful in 
Sa'nd tmS' '' ' °***^''' "'^'^ ^^"^ «^«''' ""« «^ *>>« 8^^^ «»fepots of that 

The communication between Ottawa and Montreal, is by rail via Prescott; also by river 
per steamer to Grenville, rail from GrenviUe to Carrillon, thence, steamer to Ladune,' 
thence rai! to Montreal. To Canada West, on the St. Lawrence, via rail. To Ogdensbure 
via rail to Prescott, and steamer across the St. Lawrence. Distances :-from Montreal 126 

New York, 450 miles; Boston, 485 miles. Popuktion, about 12,000 

For the information of emigrants proceeding to the newly-opened districts, where free 
lands are to be had, full information regarding these, with routes and fares, will be found 
in another portion of this work. 

The views of Upper Town, and Lower and Central Town, as given elsewhere, are from 

pencil drawings made for this work, by Mr. Eastman, artist, of Ottawa. All who know 

Ottawa will be able to attest to the very faithful manner in which they are done, and that 

he engravers have preserved all the truthfulness in detail, in ennbling us to present for the 

t -St time, we believe, complete and accurate views of Ottawa, Canada West 

40 



TRIP FROM MONTREAL TO OITAWA. 
MONTREAL TO OTTAWA, W 

to Lachine. .teamer fr.„ I^chi.e to (I . Hllo r! 7 ' V """' "" '"'^'' ^^ ""^^ °^ «'' 
V He to Ottawa by stoamcr aga „ By I ^^..^r""- ^o Grenvil]e. and Gren- 
changes to be n:ade, wbieh eam,ot be avo d d " " "'" *'"" '''^'•*'' "^« '«^«'-'" 

cannot be •■ run" by the steals ' "'"""'" "' ^''^ "'P''^* «» '•'« "vcr. which 

Ottawa, as made by us last Jiin« «,i i 7 ^"'^ *° S'^* « brief account of the tiip to 
ceeding in cab or LJZ to^aS^rr :^: ^V^ '•>« ^^^ -re going. Jrl" 
arrive and book at the Laehine RailrolTnr * , . *"" P°'^°ffl«^ Montreal-you 
second class, $2. Strange to s^rnoTa '^ ' u """''"«'' '" 0'^^«' A^t class, $3 ; 
Grand Trun.„roa, or^hl^e; ^ne^rZ C ^r-^'" ^ ^^ ^^ ^ - 

on board the s-eamer ■• Lady Simpson" i v ' h . "' ^"" "'"'"»^ •""•'• "'"^ «tep 

with the sail, as the steamer kimsalorrh " " '^"^ """""g. you will be delighted 
reaches St. Anne's, at the extreme crntS t TZ "' ''' '^""'^ "*■ ''-^■•-'' '"' ^^e 
the St. Lawrence, and pa J tirri X locks t^l^ . ^^ ^""''' "" ^""""^'- ''^"-^ 
tawa. You will scarcely be ablelo m " e it M " '.'''° "" '^' ^"^^ "^ *»>« Ot. 

of the Two Mountains, being one o thf nu^ f T""'.'" """'y* '* '"o™* ^^e Lake 

to be a succession of ^ °"'"*''''"* '^^''^ ^'''«'> »»>« Ottawa may be said 

Tr^ i^^C^iir £ ::rr ;:;::: :^r t;-> -- ^^^^^ of the o^na 

mistaken policy of the railway ompalr^^ 

".•ickety" wooden bridges-with^:::': 1 ^^ J^.^: . '"'" "l '""'^'"^ '^ -"^ 
over them-and which in going over so mZ «? f .u '""''' '^^'o" "■"' « ''"^ 

you may observe, against on! of !he Irs o3 f ■ 7 °"''""^''- "^'^' P"-'Wy. 

"running" the r«pids last seaso becCu ma 1 "t.^anTf kI*' '"^^ ''''' "''"'•'• >° 
-scattering the raft in all directions^ J he 1^10^ of th. ""/^'"^ ''" '"^^^ 

the logs may be seen yet, resting un arrninlf M T. P'opnetor of it. Some of 

before themf and the giglntTc pi! r s Jf^^^^^^^^ °'.*^^ ''"'^■^^' ^ '^ '^^-^ to clear all 

float quiet,y past. "^ ^'"^ "P" '" *'* ^"'8''*^ «'r«ngth, as if lidding them 

B^JlT '' ''^ ''"* "'"^ ''' '"'' ""'"^^ '"-'^^ ^^^ -- o^bi^ celeb^ted Canadian 

CANADIAN BOAT SONG. 

Br THOMAS MOOBK. 

Faintly as tolls the evenlns chime, 
Our voices keep tune and our oare keep 'Ime • 
Soon as the woods on shore look dim 
We'll sing at St. Anne's our parting hymn 

Hour, brothers, row, the stream runs fast 

T..C Rapids are near, and the daylight', past 

Why should we yet our sail unfurl f 
There Is not a breath the blue wave to our! ; 
But when the wind blows off the shore 
Oh I sweetly we'll rest our weary oar. 

Blow, breezes, blow, the stream runs fast. 

The Baplda are near, and the daylight's past. 
41 



TRIP UP THE OTTAWA. 

Ottawa'! tide ! thia tremt)llnB rfoon 

Shiill aee us (lo«l over thy surges soon. 

8»lnt of this green isle ! hear our prayers, 

Oh ! grant us cool heavens anil favi.ring airs. 
Illow, breezes, hiow, the sireiiin runs fast, 
The Haplds are near, and the d8yllg^ 'a past. 

St*rte.] fr.,m Sf, Antte's yon shortly rcnel. a b.autif.il exp.,,,,!.,,, of the Ottawa-whieh 

tiins «l,K.l are see,, to the north, ri.ing four hundred to five hundro,] foot hiW, 

.ert tTh "h '.\""T' ''""f'""' "'"' ^■""' '"'" •" *'" '"'^^ "^ ^'^ «t— . y- -ill Ob. 
he it'l I ' ' r, ^T "^•^ -^"'"•"■^' -''"Wly «..d Hilontly along-i; divided by 

h ad of Montreal , the one fork of the river which you observe to the tu.Hi.-ea.t. wind 
ng tt. Hay past the island, after which it n.a',-e. its acquaintance with .he St Uwrence 

t^::tr •' *'""*T'- ^"'^ "*"" '""'' "■• '''^■'''"" - '^'-" v<- >.»>. just starld 
[2 w '' ""''*" "" "**• ^^'■'^^"'^ """•« • "'""•"t'''' ^"-""fe'e »" -V. tl.e waters of 

rough t,eatmont.from either torrents, ^ind, or waves, that they join issue, and form at 

roIluL'jt! aTr m" "" ''r"'"^''"' '"""^' °' ''""'"'*■ *''^ '""''^^'"' -'""■••^^ - *'- -- 
ponu t parts, and other peeulmrities, of the Ottawa and St. Lawrence occur — 

ter as tir'sr T *"""■"•' ""'*"'"'"*'' '"" ""'" "'"•'-' "'"" ""•=■'''"•1 «« -"«'' -"^ -"at- 

derived ft: ^ti 7'"'""'' !^""P'••'g"''*^'^ ^^''»' » -""el' ■"'•ger portion of organic mutter, 
bi, d !i h f ■.•^'^^■°"''^7!"°" "f -g^taWe remains, and a large a.nonnt of alkalies uncom: 
b ned w th chlonne or sulphuric acid. Of the alkalies determined as ehlorids, the chlorid 
o potassium m the Ottawa water forms thirty-two per cent., and in that of the S . La^ ne 

c rvst' : ZuT T ^"" "°i- "' *'' """*''■'" ""'""'• The Ottawa drains a region of 

ciysta line rock and receir , from these by far the greater part of its waters, hence the 

alts of ,,„,„,„, , berated by the decomposition of these rocks, are in lar.e propo ti n Th 

of ot s ,t? ?"""';?'.': P''^'"" °' P^'"'"- '' "'" ^^ ■•-""-^^•^ t'-t the proportion 
of po ash salts in the chlorids of sea-water and saline wate.^, generally, does not equal more 
hut. wo or three per cent As to the St. Lawrence, although the btin of Lake^u Zr 
in wh. h the river takes its origin, is surrounded by ancient sandstones, and by crvsLline 
rc^ks. 1 afterwards flows through lakes whose basins are composed ;f nallo t au 
..htch abound in limestones rich in gypsum and salt, and these rocks have g r.e wa e« 

?/om rziw: 'u """'"""r •''^°'"' -''-''"'' '^-^ '"""-^'^ -^^ which' distiig^ru 

each 11 1 1 ' •"" '"*^'-«'"°g geographical feature of these two rivers, that they 

each pass through a series of great lakes, in wliich the waters are enabled to d posit thefr 
sfspen ed impurities, and tUs are rendered remarkably clear and transparent '"^ 

Ihe two rivers thus not mixing at once, is owing, we presume, to the specific gravity of 
the one being much heavier than that of the other. The two ^re distinSy seen fl lint 
down together, by the difference in their color ^ ^ 

The lake you are now upon-if a fine morning, and in summer-will be as calm as a mill- 
pond and, with its wooded islands, and nicely-wooded country round about, forms a sTe 
of th finest character. Each turn the steamer takes, it opens up with it new beam es 
Sometimes, however, the lake, now so placid and beautiful to Jk upon is rIedTe a 

s wS;":: r";^ Ita navigation not so easy, as many a poor raftsman has fo!:^ hi 
cost, whilst navigating his treasure of lumber to Quebec or Lachine. You may possiblv 
: ^X "7 ""''' °^ ^"";'^- - >- P- «'-^- Nowhere in the JouZ' TZ^ 
Jhe raft onTh! l°^ ''' -;; '.'""^-'fieent and valuable rafts of lumber as on the Ottawa 
The rafts on the Delaware. Ohio, and Mississippi, which we have seen, are nothing to com- 

42 



(See 



TRIP UP THE OTTAWA. 

"^nZ aiTrj;!*;::;: ;'" " '" ^'^ "'" °' *•'« ^-^ °^ -"•"=" t^ey »,« co.po.ed. ,,„ 

On the s,„uly soil behind the vilC the In. I , ' ''. *''" ''"''^"'''^ ""'' Algonquin, 

After p„s.}„, „,ere, the steam wfl^ol.KT .V """ ^'"""" '"'" '•''-«■ «^' • ot^- 

of the Two Mount^inB. IVoceedLnn T ♦^ ? "' ^ *'""'"'^' "^ »»>« head of tl>e Lake 

^En..i.h Point.) and fro.n ZtZ^^^'Z 'T'""'' f' ^^*' ^"^ ^'o'"' ^"^^'^ 

Bauio name, on the river Le Grai^e ««ttlement of Rkoaud, and a hill of the 

c^^:'t:^^:c:Z'L tz'^nT^'^.r^^-r ^"' '"^"^'^ '^-^ ^--'^ »^ 

to the Caledonia Spring, unless plengerswirrLt?'""? "'''^'' '''''''^ P-"^ ^ 

gage-see it plaoed on the ear w Id. j^" "''«''''"*^.;7'" ♦'^^ "t-'-r, look after your bag- 
it l-laeed on ,he train. ''' " '° """'^^ " ^^"'" ^^re to the trainband then see 

Jrc^ :f:;i:;:tr ^r-^-f ^'-^ -•"^'' «- ^- - ^e .rvey. 

fron, Gren ville to Carrillon. whele l^' 11" ' " ''"'' "' '''^ '"P'*^^ ^'"'h "«- P«^» 

hljh'ro:,"::^:;:,;;: ^°"'"^°^ "■^•^^ ^"^ ^•^" - *'>« -«- ^ng, and you are on the 

cleare.l s„„,e day, and present a ven'd fferentT / T ''"'^^""^ *« ««« »'-» «" 

ing through. thereforeldisn.l en Ih !Z^'"' "■*"" "'',"' ''"•^' '^^ "' P"^-'*" P"*- 
clcared-youarrive at Chatham^ „7c 1^;"" ^°"^ •""d-farms eleared and un- 
Canada Ea.t-the other side of the R er iuawa IZ """'"''" ''"'' J'"" "^ ""- - 
Canada West ,• you. no doubt, are aware that 7!;^ P T"^' "'^^ """"'y *" '*^ ^"^««. »'""& 
Canadians. (Roman Catholie .) „„a Tn da W s, , f 1 '"'"''''''' chiefly by Prencl! 
suel,(and ".ostly Protestants. \rLtrlr " ,'" """'''' "'• '^^^c'-ndants of 

in Canada West Passing Cha ham Stet on S T' " ''"■*^'' P"''*'"" "^ *''« P°P"'««on 

hood-you shortly reae'h G.eZu^T^^t: ^::'Z''' '^^^^^^^ 

"Pl'.enix." Here again look after vmbal^! T '''' """^ ^'"^ '"''« "'« «t^»°>« 
At Grenville vou onnnof «• • , m ^"^""^e, and see it on board. 

disclosed to yo^'lrittlVrf a : eJf Td"' '^'^ '^'^ ''"''' ^' *"« --"^ -. 
it that justiee, in our deseriptio oTlt to S t^!^!' I' "^"' ""' '""^'"^y *<> ^^ 
turns round, to start on towards Ottow^ 68 mUes off ^f "^T*"" "'" P°""' "'« ^*-'"^'- 
finest seene on the whole trip. Ueoi her f ^ * "''^' "^^ °" •""'^' *'"« '« *»>« 
beautiful seenery all round it^n one Sde rra t" ofhin " Tl .°' '''•"' "'^'' ^'"l"'«'*«^y 
eye can carry, wooded to their tops, -^.e sce3rlf^ ' "/""'" "'""^ ''^ '" "' *»>• 
on Loch Katrine, (Scot.,) only that on he Ot"^ "ff "' °^"'^ ^'""'^^ "^ Ellen's Isle, 
^vlulstthose of the Seotllsh la^ke are b r n^lTcIverltlTtl' "^'"'* T ^''"^^^- 

Passing on from this charming noint of viZ n T ^ '^^ P*'*'""^ ""'^ ''««*''«••• 
for Ottawa Gty, making -verafsL; ; Vh:;;"'.^^:-^ T" '"•"* "P '""^ "-' 
L'Original, with its excellent pier, and pretty aui;tutt7 '' '"'"T'^'' '^'^ "'"'^•»^. -=rt. 

Proceeding on, vou will nasi «n tu P. "f : ''"r "^ *'''^'* "» *•»« distance, 
the Papineau^eigrr; Xng ^ L? Pa "' " T' ^'"^^ "^ *"« --■ *••« '-<>» "f 
This gentleman, ie betv.XtngVadSr^'^i^el^"'''^'''" ^ -^-^ety. 

member in the Canadian legislature at ~t T^ V JT '"^" "P'"'""'' """^ » °°* » 
neau held the offeo of =n^-,t-r !' . f ! *" ^^^"""^ *''« '•*''^«"ion a""ded to. Mr Pi,,!. 

from exile. notwithstaLdinglTheXrorof^^^^ f - '" ""'^*"^ "" '"' -*"™ 
S ne had been one of the leaders in that movement, m mi 

43 



TRIP UP THE OTTAWA. 



The seigniory extends for about 16 miles, and is oonsidorcd one of the poorebt In Cnnoda, 
As you imw on. you will observe the beoutiful runge of hills, to the north, wliich, from the 
different sizes and shapes they assume, present, with their shrubbery, a beautiful fringe 
work, to the scene all around. Tl.eso hills form part of the chain, which range f~om 
Labrador, all the way to the Rocky Mountains. 

Passing the stopping point of Montebello, you will observe Mr. Papincau's residence 
embosomed amongst trees and s'arubbery of beautiful foliage. It is called Papincau's Castle 
—Cape St. Marie. At this point, the steamer turns to the left, leaving the hills reft^rred 
to, behind you. From Mr. Papincau's house, a most magnificent view of the river, and 
surrounding country, must be had— occupying so prominent a position, at the bend of the 
river, which there forms a sort of bay. 

Proceeding on, you will now observe that the scenery amumcs rather a different aspect 
but still beautiful in its character. You sail past little Islands wooded all over, and on be- 
tween the banks of the rivei^which in 8t)me places become very flat, with the river ex- 
tending in amongst the forest. Ac a more advanced season of the year, the river is lower, 
consequently, much of the water previously spread over a great portion of the country, r^ 
cedes during the summer months, and before the winter season sets in, a heavy crop of 
hay is reaped. For nearly eight mohihs in the year, however, the ground is thus covwed 
with the swelling of the river, and of course only fit for cultivation during the hot season 
of about four months' duration. 

You are now approaching to a place about twerty-eight miles of Ottawa— called Thurso 
—which presents nothing particular but an immense yard full of sawn lumber, belonging 
to the greatest lumbering establishment in the' world— Po'.'ok, Gilmour & Co., of Glasgow 
(Scotland.) being one of the many stations which that firm i ave in Canada, for carrying oii 
their immense trade. From off immense tracts of land, which they hold from government 
for a mere trifle— situated in different districts on the Ottawa-they have the lumber 
brought to wharves on the river, made into rafts and then floated down ; that intended for 
the porta on the St. Lawrence and United States, to tb., west of Montreal, going via La- 
chine, whilst the greater proportion goes via the route you have been travelling— over the 
rapids and down to Lake St Peter's, on the St. Lawrence, till it finally reaches Quebec 
There it is sold or shipped by them to ports in Great Britain, large quantities of It finding 
its way to the Clyde (Scotland). ) Opposite to Thurso, will be observed what is called 
Foxes Point. An English family of that name have settled there, and to this day they 
appear not to have forgot their taste for neat, well-trimmed grounds, fences, etc., exhibit- 
ing many of the characteristics of an Englishman's home. Passing on, you next stop at 
probably the wharf for Buckingham, (C. E.,) 17 miles inland. Opposite to this landing is 
Cumberiand, (C. W.); passing which, you will shortly reach Gill's wharf, 6 miles from Ot- 
tawa, and the last stopping-place previous to reaching there. 

In half an hour or so, you will observe the bluffs of Ottawa in the distance, but no ap- 
pearance of the city, it being situated on g-ound high above the level of the river where 
you land at To the left you will notice the beautiful little waterfall of the Rideau— a 
Niagara in miniature-with its Goat Island between the horse shoe and straight line fall 
It falls about 80 feet, and ^orms one of the prettiest little falls to be seen almost anywhere.' 
On the right hand, yon will observe a cluster of wooden shanties, at the mouth of the river 
Gatineau, which there joins the OtUwa, and, as you stand admiring the beauty of the 
scenery before, behind, and around you, the steamer touches at the wharf of Ottawa City 

T.u^L^'"} "^ ^^^ '''"'°'''' y°" '''" ^"'" "" «"«"^'°* "«^ «f the suspension bridge 
and the Chaudene Falls in the distance, with the rapids and the falls, throwing up the 
spray all around, forming a white cloud over the bridge. At the wharf you will find 
vehicles waiting to convey you to any hotel or address you may wish to go to. On reach- 
ing the top of the steep incline from the steamer, you will then obt.iin a first sight per- 
haps of Ottawa City, which was to have been the seat of the Canadian Governmenl^s'id 
-,r>„.h may DC yct-Bhould the whim or interest of the members of the provincial parlia- 
ment not decree otherwisa 

44 



TRIP UP THE OTTAWA. 

will be ,la.l to polntoutt'^y„rfh bl ''f ''^ ::'"""'^ 

N.W York 1„ All..„v .„J TC^.u, f I. ;•' ,"' ""' "'"'« ~'''' "'" "»J«'". '".^ 

MOxNTREAL TO OTTAWA, C. W. 

VIA GRAND TRUNK RAUROAD. 

Lawrence on the left, the monntain o7the I, I ZaTI' f"''"' " *^'" ^'"" "^ ^''^ «<• 
till you reach Point Claire-,5 mi e! L a f .n ' '"'"^^"'"^ '*'''''*''""« ''^^J-'""'. 

country till you reach the magnifi '« t briZ w. ,"'' ^"" T"'*^ '^" *'''°''8'' « »'-"*i''"l 
going over which you get a hi J^! .^ ^1^^ O^^^^^^ !?•""/ °''""'' "* '^'- ^''-'«' 
assuming the appearance of a ma«nificent lit ^.f 7f'!-«'«'"»g f"-" ^^eyond to the west, 
wooded hills in the background aJc id 1 • ';.';• "f"'"'^ '" " »^-'". -bounded by finely- 
ately under this bridge you l;!; 7,::''''.?""'T.°° ^^^'^ «'<!« of it. Immedi- 

Montreal. ' '"'^'""^^^"'S. 104 miles, to Prescott Junction, 112 miles from 

newly arrived, either vL Quebec t^wvork^^^^^^ "'^ ^'"""S-- '' 

rope, will, on this line, get the first elimn,. J.^'im T , Britain, or continent of Eu- 
'•cleared," or ..partidfy cleLed'£;rr,'''f 

Bwamp, and partially cleared farm, presents f.w -^ " '"<'*=*^'0'» "^ -^ense forest, 

farther than those mentioned. Betwe „ ,. Ta [ l! ZT' '"'""^ *° "'« ^^^^ 

miles off) the country presents a much mo eaSate:;^^^^^^^^ ""' ^*'""'' ^'^ 

farms will be seen along the line of railroad unti.uT-' T*^ " '*^ ^^"-eultivated 

Edinburgh, on the one side of the Ride u River who^:: ^'t^ """' ^^"" '^° ^- 
quarter of a mile off. ' ^"'' '^''*^« <"» the other side, about a 

You will find vehicles in waiting whi-h will „ 
hotel you please. Campbell's Ilotet ul 1 L?^ yourself and luggage to whatever 

For description of Qtlawa, see els^wW? "«°°'">«-d. 

^:JXZ:^:TSJ:^!!- «»!- ^^^^^. etc., etc.. you can ret.,„. t. 
Ottawa, via Laclune and steamer,) or tre^V^ourmf' """'""'' *''•' ^"* ''<'''*''^ *« 

45 



THK UPPER OTTAWA AND TRIBUTAHIK8. 



UNITED STATES TO OTTAWA, C. W. 

point for tourUt* and einl^iHuU from the Unit-.l St4.te». 
IVHst'ott i. «|.proHohe.l l,y .teumer from OK.IenHl.nr,,, op,H«it6 .i,le of the river 
••r V u rail to Chju. Vincent, tlionoe .tenm.T to Kingston. »n.J mil to ProKott 
Or vl,. .t..„m.rull the w»y. vk, Cape Vincent, puling through the Thouwnd I.Und^ 
pftst Urockville on to Prencott. 
Or vl,i *teHra<!.- to Urockville, thence rnll to Prewott Junction. • 
From Preecott to Utt-iwa proceed per rail, a. mentioned in preceding route. See •• Mon- 
treal to Ottawa," per Grand Trunk Railroad. 

From Su,p«„.lo„ UHdge or Niagara Fall,, per Great We.t«rn Rail to Toronto, and thenc. 
Grand 1 runk Ita.lroad to I Wott Junction ; thence, rail. Or .tenmer from Lewi,ton or Nii^ 
g«ra to loronto, and thence, .teamer on Canada .ide, or by tl,e American line of .teamert 
from Lewiston and Niagara direct to BrockviUo or Ogdensburg. 



\^ THE UPPER RIVER OTTAWA. \^ 

A DwoRiPTioN of the lower portion of the Ottawa we have given elsewhere, in a trip 
from Montreal to Ottawa, leaving tl.e river on reaching the town of Ottawa 

For an authentic description of the upper portion of tin* wonderful river, we annex par- 
tlcular, regardi,>g it, from a report made to the House of Assetnldy. «.me tin.e ,,go. The 
description of the river which follows, commences at the source of the river, and proceed, 
on lowarda Ottawa, till it rcachea the point we left off at : 

The length of the course of the Ottawa River is al.'out 780 miles. From Its source it 
bends in a south-west course, and after receiving several tributaries from the height of 
land separating te waters from the Hudson's Ray, it enter, Uke Temiscaming. Fn,m iu 
entrance Into this lake downward the course of ,l,e Ottawa ha. been .urveyej; and Is well 

At the head of the lake the Blanch River falls in, coming about 90 miles from the north. 
Th.rty.four miles farther down the lake it receives the Montr, al River, con.ing l-.o mile, 
from the north-west. Six miles lower down on the east... Lower Canada bank, it re- 
ceives the Keepawas.ppi. a large river, which has its origin ,„ a lake of great .ize, in.her- 
to but partial y explored, and known as Lake Keepawa. hi, lake is connected with an- 
other chain of irregularly-shaped lakes, from one of whio. proceeds the River du Moine 
which enters the Ottawa about 100 mile, below the mouth of the Keepawasippi. the 
double discharge from the same chain of lake, in opposite directions, present, a phenom- 
enon ..milar to the connection between the Orinoco and Rio Negro in South A.nerica 

.fioT. 'r i '''"''' "! "" ^""' "^ ^^' Temiscaming, 233 miles above Bv.own, and 
360 rmles fmm the mouth of the Ottawa, down to Oeux Joachim Rapids, at the head of 
the Deep R.ver that is for 89 miles, the Ottawa, with the exception of 17 n.iles b.low the 
Long bault. and some other intervals, is not at present navigable, except for canoes. Be- 

il,.^7. "'*:.'". '^' '"'"""'• "* '" ""'^^ '■'••"" «""*»' '' '«<=«-- «n the west 
, de the Mattawan wh.eh ,s the highway for ennoes going to Lake Huron, by Lake Nipi^ 

«ng. From the Mattawan the Ottawa flow, east by south to the head of Deep River 
Reach, 9 mile, above which it receives the River Du Moine from the north 

From the head of Deep River-«s this part of the Ottawa i, called-to the foot of Upper 
Al umette Lake, 2 miles below the village of Pembroke, is an uninterrnpted reach of navi- 
gable water, 48 n„les in length. The general direction of the river, in thi, part, is soutl.- 
east The mountains along the north side of Deep River are upwards of 1000 feet in 

r^ "'"jV,' =;"""'"'^ aiK, picturc^-jii — even said to surpass the celebrated Lake of th« 
Thousiind Islands on the St Lawrence. 

46 



"•t. .» .1,. ,,„, ,„ „,. i,„„:';;.IX «■''''"'' ""■ -"">■ """" W-'l. or cZ 

' all* is about 40 feet. 



> ivU 



TO THE RIVER 8AGDENAY. 



roR about Hl2 n trip osn I I 

Canada wbere „„,.,. app.a™'";??;;!;; :";;;:::; r: i T •""? •"''^""'-"» '^"wot. «n 

Tourists take tl,,. .tearner from 0,„ul , ^"'"^ "ecluded grandeur. 
To quote f,.... o„e who v^^ d tis is^^; f ."y ' ^r""""^ '-^'""'^ ^^'^'^"-'^«y. 
dow„the8t.LHn..nee.putinatse ;„ X VrnT '" '"^ """•"'"^' ' P«"ing 

Ouelle.Kamou„.,ka.and many othltoL ",11^5. r'*'"''"'' "^ «*• T'."mas, Ri 2^ 
Wand. «.d the PilgrimB. The mntrmi.Sh / / ^^ '"'""*'• ^""'•' ''•«"<' 0,^1 
I«rish churohes. having ,pir. ..f tin C rZ 7;:,"' ^'^ r'*" "'' "''^•'^'y «*-"'''ed v! th 

the mouth of the Saguenav. one of the nM 1: ? ^"■'"^ ^"^ '° *••« "">""'«'»»• This i^ 
17 ^'"^ ""<'"'«»in^ '-ks and sh ev ngl ; f " "^^'] '" *»« -^'^ ^ "ot « common 
c.p.to„8 on one side, and rolling land on hro'h /''"i'""' ^'"''«*^- "»» » ^ver pre- 
mountains for age,: this is not a river orthatV •'"' """^ *">' ^''^ ^""''"S «^«y of t e 
•"*" P'--'P! -n each side. ,vitho, t anv '^7' '"'"•'P*-' '' ^^ P-fectly stLght^ , a 

g"lf of 80 miles m length, and 400.) feet in denth ti? I J "'""*''"■• ^""^'"S « horrid 
ookmg newand fresh. Ifioo feet of th ilei ?"^^ ""^ «'-^>- ""^a-schist. and still 
the hemlock or dwarf oak to find rJllF'T"^^'''''' <'»f. o^en too steep and s.Hd fl^ 
ana m„ss, th.s,. fro^h-Iooking fraetures oft!n I T"' ^T^''^ '"^^"-^d ^ith coloured lichen'i 
.«d are called the Pictured iU Bu those 'Tts' rT ^^ "'"•'"^- '"^^ P-'»^<' '- 

^e^parts, more slantmg. are thickly covered with 



RIVER 8AGUENAY. 

stunted trees, spruce and maple, and birch, growing wherever they can find crevices to 
extract nourishment: and the bare roots of tiie ook, griisping the rock, imve a resemblance 
to gigantic claws. The base of these cliffs lie far under water, to an unknown depth. For 
many miles from its mouth, no soundings have been obtained with 2000 feet of line, and for 
the entire distance of 60 miles, until you reach Ha-ha Bay, the largest ships can sail with- 
out obstruction from banks or shoals, and on reaching the extremity of the bay, can drop 
their anchor in 30 fathoms. 

" The view up this river is singular in many respects ; hour after hour, as you sail along, 
precipice after precipice unfolds itself to view, as in a moving panorama, and you some- 
times forget the size and height of the objects you are contemplating, until reminded by 
seeing a ship of 1000 tons lying like a small pinnace under the towering cliff to which she 
Is moored; for, even in these remote and desolate regions, industry is at work, and, although 
you cannot much discern it, saw-mills have been built on some of the tributary streams 
which fall into the Saguenay. But what strikes one most, is the absence of beach or strand ; 
for except in a few places where mountain torrents, rushing through gloomy ravines, have 
washed down the detritus of the hills, and formed some alluvial land nt the mouth, no 
coves, nor creeks, nor projecting rocks are seen in which a boat could find shelter, or any 
footing be obtained. The characteristic is a steep wall of rock, rising abruptly from tho 
water— a dark and desolate region, where all is cold and gloomy ; the mountains hidden 
with driving mist, the water black as ink, and cold as ice. No ducks nor sea-gulls sitting 
on the water, or screaming for their prey ; no hawks nor eagles soaring overiiead, although 
there is abundance of what might be called ' Eagle Cliffs ;' no deer coming down to drink 
at the streams ; no mjuirrels nor birds to be s^en among the trees ; no fly on the water, nor 
swallow skimming over the surface. It reminds you of 

* That lake vhose gloomy shore 
Sky-lark never warbled o'er.' 



One living thing you may see, but it is a cold-blooded animal ; you may see the cold seal, 
spreading himself upon his clammy rock, watching for his prey. And this is all you see 
for the first 20 miles, save the ancient settlement of Tadousao at the entrance, and the 
pretty cove of L'Ance a I'Eau, which is a fishing station. 

"Now you reach Cape Eternit6, Cape Trinity, and many other overhanging cliffs, 
remarkable for having such clean fractures, seldom equalled for boldness and effect, which 
create constant apprehensions of danger, even in a calm ; but if you happen to be caught in 
a thunder-storm, the roar, and darkness, and flashes of lightning are perfectly appalling. 
At last you terminate your voyage at Ha-ha Bay, that is, smiling or laughing bay in the 
Indian language, for you are perfectly charmed and relieved to arrive at a beautiful spot 
where you have sloping banks, a pebbly shore, boats and wherries, and vessels riding at 
anchor, birds and animals, a village, a church, French Canadians and Scottish Highlanders, 
and in short, there is nothing can remind one more of a scene in Argyleshire. 

" The day is now half spent; you have been ashore, looking through the village, examin- 
ing into the nature of what appears a very thriving settlement; the inhabitants seem to be 
all French and Scotch, understanding each other's language, and living in perfect amity. 
You hear that Mr. Price, of Quebec, is the gentlemen to whom all this improvement is due. 
That it is he who has opened up the Saguenay country, having erected many saw-mills, 
each the nucleus of a village, and that a trade in sawed lumber is carried on to the extent 
of !00 ship loads in the season. The river is navigable for ships as far as Chicoutimi, about 
'JO miles from its mouth. An extensive lumbering establishment is there, and the timber 
is collected in winter through all the neighbouring country, as far as Lake St. John, which 
is 60 miles further up, and is the grand source of the Saguenay. 

" After having seen and heard all this, you get on board, weigh anchor, pass again down 
the riveri reviewin*' tho solemn scene, »^robably meetin;; neither vessel, boat nor o^anxie 
through all the dreary way, and arrive at the mouth of the river iu time to cross to River 

48 



THS FALtS or MONTMORENCI. 



your excursion, at an expense of about ml" ''"""^' "'"' t"'''''? J"«t 3 days for 




FALLS OF MONTMOUKXCI. NEAR QUEBEC. 



H|^S5^3S'5S "--- -a^^r?"/^- J-ir T' -- «-e --ate. 

or., make the n.ost use. «V S„ e s d«. " " "•'.'""" «""« "' 'Sferrr alfturt '"."•'"^ .1". 'f "" »' '" f"™ « 
pieces of «oo(l~«n(J hnvin , „,.5 T '""(.'eious ihan tlie higher ono -?."*' """^ " •' 'his of which visit. 

his spot In sleighs, taklne their ,J m,'J^ "'",'''''" ''"I'l" over head to thl hi?, ' L'"'' "'''<'' '"»ch skill to 

tl.ese Falls from Queboc'is-elgh^ X.'" '" '"°^"'"""-^- " »-" »»'' '"''Korat^r.hf s^sV^^^ 

49 



QUEBEC. 



CITY OF QUEBEC-CANADA EAST 



m 



mu.t at all times possess a pee.,l,ar interest to alrno.t everyone. On itB fields, nnd 

around its liat- 
tlements, some 
of the bravest 
of tlie sons of 
Great IJritain 
and Ireland, 
America and 
France, liave 
fa 1 1 e II, and 
aronnd its cita- 
del, some of the 
niost daring ex- 
ploits have taken 
place. Standing 
on a bol I and 
precipitous pro- 
niontorj-, Quebec 
lias not inappr i- 
priately been 
called the " Gib- 
raltar of Ameri- 
ca," with which 
the naitios of the 
brave ^\olfe, 
Jlontcalm, and 
M o n t goiii ery 
must ever re- 
main connected. 
The citadel 
stands on -what 
is called Cape 
Diamond, 3 5 
feet above the 
level of the sea, 
and includes 
about 40 acres of 
ground. The 
view from off the 

_,„„. . , , citadel is of the 

most picturesque and grand character. Tl.erc will be seen the majestic St. Lawrence, 
vindinguseourse for about 40 mileo, whilst the background of the panoramic scene is filled 
..p by extensive plaim, running backwards to lofty mountains in the distance, with Point 
Levi opposite and the Wand of Orleans in the distance, whilst the junction of the Hiver St. 
U.arles, nnd the Great River, form that magnificent sheet of water, where numerous vessels 
nre to be seen nding at anchor during the summer season. 
A walk around the ramparts of tlie citadel will 




rr 
II 

P 
It 
ui 



'eent change of scene at every turn he takes. Tli 



50 



i'l! ropay the sfmniffr. by a tiiagnifi 
e citv itself bears all the resemblance of ( 



QUEBEC, PLAINS OF ABRAHAM, ETC. 



s well as (lefeat, 

I its fields, nnd 
I'oiiiul its liiit- 
enu'iits, gome 
f tlie bravest 
r tlie sons of 
rcat IJritain 
id Ireland, 
in erica and 
r a n e, have 
'lien, and 
ound its cita- 
1, some of the 
lat daring ex- 
)it8 have taken 
ice. Standing 

a bol I and 
'cipitoiis pro- 
ntory, Quebec 
* not inappr i- 
ately been 
led the " Gib- 
lar of Anieri- 
' with which 

nniiios of the 
a V e \\ olfo, 
ntcalm, and 

n t g o ni e r y 
*t ever re- 

II connected. 
l"he citadel 
ids on what 
called Cape 
rnond, 3 6 

above the 
1 of the sea, 

includes 
It 40 acres of 
) n n d. The 
ir from off the 
]ol is of (he 
t. Lawrence, 
cene is filled 
', with Point 
the KiverSt. 
erous vessels 

y a niagnifi 
iiblance of a 



^'^ip dS w"! J;;";'" Vhe "i;^': '" """ '^'T' '" "-"^ '"'^^''"' ''-""^ "- "^^'^ 

«n,., in walking f,...,,, Lower T.wU.ncrT"" '' ""''''""• ""''' "' ^""'•' ^'""'' -'' 
^vl.ere all ,he sl,ip,,i„„ IniMne.s o ■ ' '"'"' TTticnlarly. Lower Town U 

eve,,, description 'If ;,.!:;: "i,;;:;:;; >- '---J;-. ^1.!.% mmber-in export-and 
I'-Nibei-district of the Ottawa finds amar- " '"' ', ^"'"""'" '""'""" "'" *''« ''""""'^« 
c-..f,g„. return with the lo."\ta t „! 1 i 'T' """'"^ '" '^''''"■•' '" l"'"- •'-l 
Qiu-bec i, largely infused wUh French C L' i" ! " "''-^"""''•>'- ''''- l-l'ul^'.ion of 

almost, but the French language ir hlarA ' "" " '"""^^ "'""^ ''^ ■^"•^"-"^' ""'''"- 

as I'llorr '"'■"■^""^' ''"''' ""•' '''^''^ °^ ^'-- - and around Quebec will be fo.nj 

-Montcalm. A monument is ell , " ''™'"'''' '"^' *'>• »''«•"• •"'■•.les WohV ,,,l 

ex^tivfSt t:;taT "" '"^'^^^ ''"'"^ °^ ^"-^^ ^^--^' -^^ ~"<' = ". the n.o. 
T^ ^V' W^ween^ie rampart, and D-Autueil stree^ used for dri.Hug the troops. 




DURHAM TEP.RACE aND THE CITADEL, QUEBEC. 

'^^^7; t'-Earlof Dalhou,io, then Oov: :;,':,; t: 7' '^•^ /^ -« -''-^'i i" 
omul great masonic honor... The ehast.- ,1 f^ / , "' '"■^■"'" "'^ '"'""Hlation-.tone 

d,.M.-n of ,he monument, which is Oo fci i,|.-i,. i, 
51 




WOLFE AND MONTCALM'S MONUMENT. 

QUEBEC. 

tt^ifbv nf '/pT,"" ^"'""^' ''" H'^"'''""^''-' "'"^ ^'- -"C"e but eloquent inscrip- 
tion u b Di. J. C. Fisher, at one time connected with the Quebec press, for which in^ 
soription he was awarded a gold medal. It reads as follows : 

WOLFE— MONTCALM. 

MORTEM VIRTUS C O M M N E M ; 

FAMAM UISTOBIA; 

MONUMEXTL'M POSTKBITA8, 

DEDIT. 

A. B. 1827. 

j^Vhich, being rendered into English, means : " Military virtue gave them a common death 
l.'story a common fame ; posterity a common monument." 

62 



QUEBEC. 
Durham Terrace, from which one of the fin.,f „ a 

•M"J--ty (M..,„ Victoria, r/,. O^.A,;.^* f ^"''' °^ ^^*'"t' f"t''«r of 1" r ZZr 

W.U. C,w,„di„n, American an,, iSfnf Ip^r^T^f"; -^'i'-.-om. wcl.^; .S 
J/'e Uvtvevsily of Quebec, Hope .trcot I n ^ ^' '" *" '*™"gers. ' ' 

Court Ho,.e and City Hall, s{ lS ;tre'r' ' " ""*"'^^ S~>' «'»"« b-'din?. 

A morning's rmnl,Ie to the Plain, of 'P''7""'^"'g^ '" t>>e city. 
;^- -d to ,..,if, a taste L'Talt .f : '^ ^OnT^ '•" ''r' '"'*-'- >•-'- 
ravoller nseond the cou„te..scarp on the lef Z'l , "'^ "" ^*- ^°'"^ ^ate, let the 

-ence pursuing a direction to the ri'; t , i , 'f /'" ''"''' ''' "'^^ -'-'^••.- « J 

whence he may enjoy a beantif.,1 vic«- o tl e S ^'''"'"''' °"'' "' ^'"^ ^^^"■^^•"o To v.rs ' 

tl.e ng t hank, and he reaches th celeb ttd ?""""; ^ ""'' '"^^""'^ '*^' '»"' --nd' 
General Wolfe fell. On the l.ighest rol T °^ '^^'■'''"'"'- "^^ the spot whc^-e 

traoed out the redoubt where ce d thTfrr ' '^' ^^°°''*^" ^''"<=-- -" ''-'^ 

n the rear, and placed against a rock til ,. ' S "u ''' T '"""' "^ ^^'^ --^''^ 
an enclosure lower down, and near to the nad il Ihl T'' ^''" '''''°'''^' ^^'it'-in 

t.m water. . Tl.e English right nearly- f, c d thi \ T" ""'^^ ^'""^ ^'»'^'' they brought 
left rested. Tl>e French art^y arrived on t1. P? . ' ""'^ "" ""^ P"''"" the Fro.S 
-n.e from Beauport. and no from Quebe and'" T "" ^'^'" ''' ""^ P-'tlon. as i 
he-ghta by which it had ascended and not i'ntoi 7 7 f'''"'"'' '''''''' ^°-- 'he 
posU.on stands the house of Marchmont It Tser^ . f ' ^l ''''"" "' "'^ P''""^ ft'"'" this 
«.a once defended the ascent from Wolfed CovT^H ", ''^ ^'^ °' '' ^'•-«'' -<Jo'>l't 
Wolfe's command, and, on mounting the blnkr^Sr.. .'''' u' ^"^'^'^ "'•"'y ""'I- 
•n the garrison are usually reviewed on thePM n^'' '^"'""''''^ ^"'•'^- The troops 
beautiful ride. Let him leave by S Lo"s ite !? ^^ *"""' """' "'^"'^'- "'J^^ " 
Marchmont, the property of Johtf Gi nu ur eI ^^f " ' "' '" ""' ""'^^^ «* 

went to considerable expense in laying o, UI L^ / ""' ^""^'"'"''' ^''' J"'"' Harvey, 
as succes«,r. Sir Thomas Noel Hi I. also re de'dl"; " ? ft"'"^ '^"'^ "'^*«^»' -"-r 
Tl>e view in front of the house is grand He '1 " m "'^' "PPreciated its beauties. 
anee of a lake, whose surface is eSiv „ed bv num ""'" " "' ""' """'"^^ "'« "PP-- 
-nse rafts of thwber floating down 0,- le'a Z Z r^'lT'''''' "' ""^"- ' "" ' "- 
Vilas, whose park-Iike grounds remind one of EniL Tf ^' "'" P"" '°'"^ l-'"if»l 
commanded views worthy of a painter's studv A ' ' . '"" ''°'"'' P"""^ "' *''i^'' "re 
Wolfesfield Spencer Wood, and Woodfie d i ifsTl? "'"• ?'" ™^- ^« ^-'tioned 
Bishop o Samos, and, from the several additions 121 ""'.!"""^' '""^ ^'>' *'- C-tholio 

m 



QUEBEC, LAKE ST. CIIAKI.ES, ETC. 

Leaving tl.U benntiful locJity, the walk continues to the wooJs. on the cdw of the 
banks ris^ina; from the chore. * 

The tuumt inatea.! of returning by a ro..a con,h,eti.,g through „ ^oocl into .S,. Loui, 
Rood for Quebec, would do better by continuing UU ride to the Church of ^t. Foy from 
winch .s.een below the St. Cl.arle*. gliding ..noothly through a lovelv valley; who;e' «ide8 
n« grndunlly to the mountains, and are literally covered with habitalions The villages 
of Lorette and Charlesbourg are conspicuous objects. Before entering the suburb of St. 
John on the banks of the St. Charles stands the. General nos,,ital. designed, as ,1,.. n„me 
implies, for the .lisabled and sick of every de»cri,,fion. 

A day's excursion to Indian I .rette a'nd I^>ke St, Charles would gratify, we doubt not 
many a tour.t. t will be necessary to leave by « o'clock. .. M.. and to tak." provisiols for 
the tnp. Atter leaving the Palace Gate, the site of the fornu-r intendanfs palace ia 
passed. Mr, 15igot was the last intendant who resided in it 

The most i-leasant road to Lorette is along the banks of .be St. Charles. On arrivin-. at 
the V, lage the best view is on the opposite bank. The fall is in the foreground, a-.d^the 
church and vdlage behind. The villagers elain. to be descended from tiiose llurons ^ 

the French and Enghsh, the Hurons contributed much to the success of the fnrn.cr as thev 
were one «| the most warlike tribes among the aborigines of this continent. At present 
they are a harmless, quiet set of people, drawing only part of their subsistence fron ' tishing 
and hunttng. A missionary is maintained l,y government for their religious insi ruction 
and the schoolmaster belongs to the tribe. Here may be purchased bows and arrows "J 
mooeasins very neatly ornamented by the squaws. 

On arriving at Lake St. Charles, by embarking in a double canoe, ,e tourist will have 
h,s taste for picturesque mountain scenery gratified in a high degree. The lake is four 
mtles long, and one broad, and is divided into two parts by ^rojiin. ledges The lake 
abounds ,n trout, so that the angling tourist n,ay find this spot doublC- invSing. On th! 
route back to the city, the village of Charlesbourg is passed. It is o„; of the Ides and 
..OS interesting settlements in Canada. It has two churches, one of which s the ce.Ure 
o U,e surrounding farms, whence they all radiate. The reason for this si ,1 a ,i p s^ 

in T h" T. 7- """""'' *° """f'y ""'y " «P"«« °^ ^"■•- -- '" font by t^.ir y 

it was the'dut of eT"" ' "T' ""' ""'■'' ^•1"""^ ""'P' "P '° ^^"^ °f -«'■ «'™. «nd 
It was the duty of every propnetor to preserve such road. Another advantage was the 

proximtty of the church, whence the bell sounded the tocsin of al.rm. when ^erZ tile 

Jostltnr" ""''^ '■' "'^ '"'"'"'• ""' ^'^^^ '"^ '"""^■'^"'^ -''-'^^^ - defence olTh;!: 

Within the citadel are the rarious magazines, store-houses, and other buildings required 

t^ther-r """" ''' """""'"' ^""«"" ■' """^ "»"«'^-*«'y overhanging tS pre' " e 

o the south, ,n a most picturesque situation, looking perpendicularly down ward? Tn the 

nver. stands a beautiful row of buildings, containing the mess rooms and barn.c^' for the 

ifeThlTrhe It T"'°'" ''•'"^. J'' '"""^^"''•-^' -''''' "« continue^ll^ 
tlie Whole of the Upper Town, consist of bastions c.nnected by lofty curtains of solid 

masonry, and ramparts from 26 to 36 feet in height, and about the'same llkrei 

bristhng with heavy cannon, round towers, loophole walls, and massive gat s rect ingT^ 

BTrrks is r d "",""""•'' "' ''" '•""''"'•'«• ^'■"•" ^'"P« Dia-nTt the Ir i fery 
Barracks. ,s a broad covered way. or walk, used as a place of recreation by the inhabitants 
and oomtnanding a most agreeable view of the country towards the west. Tli ZJen 
over the top of St John's and St Louis Gate, where there is stationed a ergea, ' Zl 

St Charles gambolling, as it were, in the rays of the departing luminary, thelight s ill tin 
genng on the spires of Lorette and Charlesbourg, unUl it fades away beyond tloftv 
mountatns of Bonko.^. and nounon,.u.„, preset au «veuiu« scene of gorg^us and lur 

M 



QUEBKC, FOIJTIFICATIOKS, ETC. 
poeslng splendour. The cifv ) • . -• 

For particulara of *he Falls nr ai . "° »'"*'" cost ' ^"' 

'le i'aijs of Jlontmorencl, and Rivpr «„ 

^^and R,ver Saguenay, seepreceedingpages. 






run WHITE MOUNTAINS. 



WHITE MOUNTAINS, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 



Thi accomplished author of " America and 
the AmericiiMs" thua writes reearditiK this 
portion of the United States:— " This is one 
of the wildest regions in tlie United States. 
trom tlie fop of the stage we have a wide 
prospect over forests, pastoral valleys, ravines 
and dingles; Mount Lafayette rising before 
us in solemn majesty, and behind uh, fnr ng 
the eye can reach, an undulating country 
Btretching away towards the frontiers of 
Canada. For the first 3 miles the drive lies 
through a tangled wood, and up an ascent 
»o steep that our team occasionally nausea, 
liie road is so narrow that the trees touch 
the onrruige on both sides at the same time 
B |*o_ rough that paasengcra hold on firmly 
f< 'leir lives; yet the coachman drives hi'a 
•1 hand with the utmost ease and skill " 
Uuring nine or ten months of the year 
the summits of the mountains are covered 
witli snow and ice, giving them a bright and 
dazzling appearance. On every side are 
long and winding gullies, deepening in their 
descent to the plain below. 

Tliese mountJiins are situated in the county 
of Coos, in the N. part of the State. They 
extend about 20 miles, from S. \V. to N E 
and are the more elevated parts of a range 
extending many miles in that direction, 
llieir base is about 10 miles broad, and are 
the highest in New England ; and. if we ex- 
cept the Rocky Mountalna, and one or two 
peaks in North Carolina, they are the most 
lofty of any m the United States. 

Although these mountaina are 65 miles dis- 
tant from the ocean, their snow-white sum- 
mits are distinctly visible, in good wentluT 
more than 50 miles from shore. Their ,' 
pearance, at that distance, is that of a -il- 
ven- cloud skirting the liorizc . 

The names here given are tuoae generally 
appropriated to tlie diflferent summits : J/o,„r< 
\ymhington is known by its superior eleva- 
tion, and by its being the southern of the 
three highest peaks. Mount Adams is known 
by its sharp, terminating peak, and being 
the north of Washington. JefTerimi is situ- 
ated between these two. AfadUon is the 
eastern peak of the range. Monroe is the 
first to the «)uth of Washington. fVanklin 
IS the second south, and is known by its level 
surtace. Lafmjette is known by its conical 
shape, and being the third aouth of Wash- 
ington. The ascent to the summits of these 
mountains, though fatiguing, is not danger- 
pus; and the visitant is richly rewarded for 

111 V i"w'"!u ?."«''»>•■ In passing from 
the Notch to the highest summit, the travel- 
ler crosses the summits of Mounte Lafayette 
Franklm, and Monroe. In accompUshing 



this, he must pass through a forest, and cross 
several ravines. These are neither wide nor 
deep, nor are they discovered at a great di». 
ti.nee; for the trees fill them up exa (ly even 
with the mountain on each side, aiul their 
branches interioek with eneh other in suchu 
nianner tliat it is very' difficult to pass 
li-ough them, and they are so stiff and 
thick as ilmost to support a man's weight 
After crossing Mount Franklin, vou pass over 
the eostern pinnacle of Moi: it Monroe, and 
soon find yourself on ai.lain )f some extent 
at the foot of Mount Washington. Here is 
a fine resting-place, on the margin of a beau- 
tiful sheet of water, of an oval form, cover- 
ing about three-fourths of an acre The 
waters ore pleasant to the t.iste, and' deep 
Aot a living creature is to be seen in the 
waters at this height on the hills; nor does 
vegetation grow in or around them, to ob- 
seui-o t ■ clear rocky or gravelly bottom on 
vyhieh uiey rest. A niall spring .lischar-es 
Itself into this pon.l, at its south-east anijle 
Another pond, of about two-thirds its size! 
les norf h-west of this. Directly before you 
the pinnacle of Mount Washington f'ises 
with majestie grandeur, like an immense 
pyramid, or some vast kremlin, in this mng. 
nihcent eity of niount«iiis. The pinnacle is 
elevated about 1500 feet obove the plain 
and IS composed principally of huge roeks 
of granite and gneiss, piled together, pre- 
senting a variety of colours and forms 'I'he 
ascent is made on horseback. 

In ascending, you must' pass enormous 
masses of loose stone: but a ride of half an 
hour wdl generally carry you to the summit. 
The view from this point is wonderfully 
grand and picturesque. Innumerable moun- 
tains, lakes, ponds, rivers, towns, and vil- 
lages meet the delighted eye, and the dim 
Atlantic stretches its waters olong the east- 
ern horizon. To the norih is seen the lofty 
summits of Adams and Jefferson ; and to the 
east, a little detached from the range, sup- 
ported on the north by a high ridge which 
extends to Mount Jefferson ; on the north- 
east by a large grassy plain, terminating in 
a vast spur, extending far away in that di- 
rection; east, by a promontory, which breaks 
off abruptly at St. Anthony's Nose; south 
and south-east by a grassy plain, in summer, 
of more than 4( acres. At the south-eastern 
extremity of this plain a ridge commences, 
which slopes gracefully away towards the 
vale of the Saco, upon whieJi, at short dis- 
tances from each other, arise rocks, resem- 
bling in some places, towers; in others, rep- 
resenting the various orders of arcliitec- 
cure. 



56 



THE SILVER CASCADE— THE FLUME. 




THE SILVER CASCADE. 

nnd leaps down fhel~^^^^^ *^« '"— -^ volun,e of wator, as it dashe; 

gratifies the Ive of S h. ,. '" ''^ J«"™«y «f «igl't hundred feet to the valley beneath, 

less deligh dTith the s^^TuTl^' ^'"'^""^ °' ''^ ^"^^"^ ^f'™^'' ^""'^ '"' -- » - 
tanoe of a mile o two t^e ^ M """""• ^''™ ^^^" "" " ^""S^t day at the dis- 
waters. it apnea" rx'ctl S "'"/"'""^ "P°" «"'' '"'"^""=" ^'''^ ''« <'''--g 

mountain forest andoveSh ■! TT °' '"°^''" '^^'' ^"'"'"8 ''« ^»y through the 

anger or dTZctTveness wtl^"!" .' f'u "''' "" '""^ '"''=« ""^ ^P^^' ^« -*»>-* t''^ 

abiebeautie:rre;z2;er:rCr:.;^^^^^^^^^ 



THE PLUME. 

hofelTeHvtltltr S:ro?h"'^ ^" ^*'^ '""«'"' ^^^^^ ^">'- -"^^ -- ^l- 
high and twLty r.ra;arf r; V •; "'T; *'^ '"'^ "''•'^ "' "•-'<"> «'« «^*^ '-* 
wet seasons t\JtiZVu "^ °^ ^^^ " *''"'»«' *■•"• "^^eral hundred feet In 

67 



THE FLUME HOUSE. 




THE FLUME HOUSE. 

Althouoh the arehUectuwl claims of the Flume House are not very imposing, yet the 

M-esti After a weary jaunt up the mountains, one doe. not require the additional labor 
of mounungau pa.r of stairs to his bed-room-which board in a modern fashionable hotel 
would compel h.m to-neither, if he would sit down to rest, or wishes to indul in a 
'fragrant Havana." would he enjoy these luxuries within the narrow confine of the aid 
tZZ; "• " '"' --L-Je-J bar-room, with that zeal and relish which h finds ndr 
he ample piazza ot the Flume House. Therefore, the Flume House is just what it should 
be J commodious and comfortable, if not grand and magnificent. 



Principal Oh/ecU of Interett.—ln addition to 
the scenes described on the preceding pages, we 
will enumerate the following as being worthy 
especial notice. 

The Profile Sock— On the road through the 
Notch, a short distance south of the Profile 
House, there is a point from which the gigantic 



TAe Pool.— Tim is a deep well at one end of 
the " Flume," and is sunken by the hand of Na. 
ture nearly 200 feet into the solid rock. The 
depth of water is generally about 40 feet, and 
from the surface of the water to the surface of 
the ground 150 feet. 

Tuokemmn'g Ravine is a long deep glen, with 



profile of the " human face divine" is seen nm- i rnM„K ^^a ■ ^7" V. '" "1,*""* ""^'' K'™' '*"" 
truding from the mountainside This straCj Tif fill ^K^^f !I'^'t' f'" "W^^^ 
visage^hich seems as regubHn iti out il"^ I oL hroS whi:h Sn'"^ '^ *'^ ^""'^' 
though it had been chiselled from the solid I t^n^! k ^ ■ j .? *° summer comes, a 
granite by the hand of art.^compo'ed o, .re i f o a^ncTunWl' i VowsT; ^t"'''-"^'''''^ 

S'lotrv: r; zi ^"™'" v'^'' r '^^^^' "''^ onTi„:ras^;ed r r 

th^d r^lZi:^^^^J^^ r;rL"J° "« ^- ^- 'o»«. «« feet wide. 



third the chin. Seen from the point indicated 
above, the profile is almost faultless, and por- 
trays a strong, stern old man, and is hence called 
the "Old Man of the Mountain :" while a liH'« 
lower down the road, the old man is transformed 
into a " toothless old woman in a mob cap." 



fiS 



and 40 feet high. 

Lake of the Cfowife.— This is the name of a 
beautiful pond, a short distance from the War- 
!!D2ton Honsr. Its wat^^FS are remarkably clear. 
and on a still, fair day its bosom is as reflective 
as the most polished mirror. 



WHITE M0UKTAIN8. 




EAGLE CLIFF. 

The Biimmit of this bold promontory affords to the tourist fi mngnificent view of the 
varied fr.'aks of nature wliioli are so plentifully bestowed in this romanfio region. Just 
behind it towers Mount Lafnyette, or the great Notch, the highest of the Franeonia range, 
which lifts its aspiring head 6.200 feet above the level of the f.n; while in front, and 
many hundred feet below, its shadow fulls upon a beautiful valley, along whose winding 
paths the moving human beings seem to the spectator from the " cliff" to be but so many 
little mice hurrying to and fro. Tliis point is a favourite resting-place with tourists, who 
stop here to breathe awhile, and to draw in fresh Inspiration by a prolonsred view of the 
jutting cliffs, the lofty peaks, the silver lakes, the leaping cascades, and the green valleys 
which stretch, like huge panoramic views, along the whole line of vision. 

Xk-hn Lake.— This is a small but beautiful pond, 
entirely enclosed by hijih mountains. From 
this little spot a voice lifted to the ordinary 
P''9,"' '*'" be e«too«d repeatedly several times, 
while the discharge of a gun comes back like a 
charge of "heaven's artillery." 

ne Basin. —T\\\a is an object of g, eat interest, 
and IS situated 5 miles south of the Notch. The I 



The DevWi /><■«.— This is a mysterious-look- 
ing cavern, just opposite the silver cascade, and 
an object of great interest to the lovers of the 
marvellous. 

Pulpit Roel. — This is supposed to have been, 
in early times, the point from which the Puritan 
elders occasionally addressed their people, as on 
ni) other hypothesis can its title be accounted 



«»<■■,.;> IS (•„«»:» J- . ■ ...^ i.uivM. iiioi iMj uiuei- iiypuuiesis tun lis line oe accouniea 

ed^ "to th/l^t^nn TA"'.""1!« ^«' '""-.'l^ ['^r' ■« it does not in any degree le.emble a pul- 



edge to the bottom of the water. It is nearly 
circular, and has been made so by the whirling 
ot rocks round and round by strong currents. 
Ihe water, as it descends from the Basin, forms 
a number of beautiful cascades 
Pm/iU Jyilv, This is a prr 



pit of anv known pattern. 

Oah &ul/ and Great Oul/avo dark and fright- 
ful abysses, the latter of which descends, abrupt 
and rugged, from near the top of Mount Wasn- 
in^on to a depth of 2000 feet. 
_««».» . /. ., ■ » V ,-• ■- "Ody of : .t«c Crj'ate" Cv-CTtfE is situated in a highly ro- 
wa er a quarter of a mile long, and half as wide, i raantic spot in a secluded valley, about 3 miles 
J»!n "•' "V"''"" "1? "OW,Man of the Moun- from the'^Glen House. The fall is 80 feet, and 
WMhbowl " *'""®'""** '^^^ ^^^ " Old Man's breaks in its descent. 

59 



■\h 



WILLEY HOl'SE, WrriTR MOt'NTAIXS. 




THE \V1LLEY HOUSE, WIHTE MOUNTAIN A 



The above house Btands upon ft spot wliieh 
"i" e\<'r ri'timiii memoraljle in the history 
of tlio \V hil« Moinitiiiiis, as having been the 
ecetiu of ft fuiiifiil ealuniity wliich overtook a 
fnmily nnmed Willey, residing tlicre, wlio 
Were all buried beneath nn avalanelio, or 
slide, from tlie raountain, wliicli oceurred 
during the year 1826, a year reiiiarlcablo for 
ft great flood in tlieso mountain regions. 

Leaving Willey House, the tonrist, who U 
desiroii!. of amending higher, will ftnd him- 
self in the vicinity of the "Notch," as it is 
called. 



-J — " ..ttv ^fAumtiuina !•* a 
phrase ai)i,roprnited to u very narrow defile 
extending two miles in length, between two 
liuge elitfs, apparently rent asunder by some 
vast convulsion of nature, probably that of 
the deluge. 

" The scenery at this place is exceedingly 
beautiful and gmnd. About half a niile 
from the entrance of the chasm is seen a 
most beautiful cascade, issuing from a moun- 
tftiii on the right, about 800 feet above the 
subjacent valley, and about two miles dis- 
tant. The stream passes over ft series of 
rocks, almost perpendiculftr, with a course 



pendous jireeipiee, is called by Dwiglit the 
Silver Cammk:' It is probab'ly one^of the 
most beantifid in the world, and has been 
f lius described : — 

" The stream is scanty, but its eoureo from 
among the deep forest, whence its si)rings is- 
sue into light, is one of singular beautv. 
Unrieil beneath the lofty precipice of tlie 
gorge, oftcr aseciidin^' through J'ttlpit Rock. 
by the side of tlio ti.ilmlcnt torrent of the 
.Nico, the car issuddeidy saluted by the soft 
dashingsof the 8weetc,t of cascades; and a 
glance tipward reveals its silver streams i.<su- 



"The Xoteh nf th> Wh-.i. ^r . • • .K""'ce upward reveals its silver streams i.<su 



and leaping from crag to era-. It is a beau- 
tiful vision in the midst of the wildest ond 
ino;-t dreary i^eenery." 

Mount Washington I/ouiM^ capable of ac- 
commodating l(K) guests, is dtuated about 4. 
miles from the Notch. 

The Notch Home, is at the head of the Sa- 
co River, and about 9 miles from the top of 
Mount Washington. 

The Willei/ House, alluded to above, is 
about 2 miles lidow the Notch. 

The Crauford Jlonxe, in the valley of the 
Saeo, is about 8 miles below tlio Notcli, 



80 little broken as to preserve the appear- ! Mtcw !.-,.-Tetl,e>= wi"i the 

dhturbed" ns"'[rbe'',"'';.V";i""'^, l'^ '"J'?'! , ^''" ^^"''"■."^il''*'" found in every re.peet 
hlnSl i '"', I'J'i'f^'^'tly WHte. Tliis desirable, for stopping nt Particular of 

beautiful stream, which passes down a BtJ Ttp-Top Hou^e wil^be found on next pm-e 

60 



TIP-TOP HOUSE, WIIITK M0UXTAIN8. 




TIP-TOP 11UU8E, Will IE JH)U:n'AlXS. 



As fllrcndy oxplnineil, Mount WnsliitiL'ton 
forms tlie liiijlicst. of tlie raiijjt; of tliu While 
Mountains, 0234 f'M't nliove the fcn. 

Wo present iibove, ft skotcli made from 
a pliotourapli tnkoti of tlie highest point of 
Mount Washini,"'!!), liiiown liy travellers as 
"Tip-Top House," to attain to which is the 
nnihition of all toiiri-its wlio make the at- 
tempt to elinil) to tins apex of the liii;hest of 
the range m this region of "the mountain 
mill the Hood." 

Tip-Top House is a rude built inn erected 
under most ditlieiilt eircumstances, and not 
without great ri-k of life and property. 

In Tip-Top House, tourists can he nceom- 
moilated all night, so that any who ar>' de- 
Hinus of witnessing the Bctling of the :-;in, 
and being lip in time for sunrise next wiorn- 
ing. can acfoniiilish both, by ascending in 
the iifternoon, staying thei-o all night, and 
r •tin'iiing next morning. Those wlio try the 
expei'iiuent, if JMfOUred with a clear inoi n- 
ing, will bo c^^in to be repaid for their 
trouble. 

llegarding the view from the summit of 
this dizzy height, we (piote 



Lakes of all sizes, fidiii Lake Winnipiseopee 
to mere mountain pi>inls, and mountains be- 
neath you, ghaiii mi^ty and wide, par utt' in 
the yi.'li. is Mount Katahdin. In the western 
horizon are the (ireeii Mountains of Verninnf, 
while the space is tilled up with every kind 
of landscape — mountain and hill, plain and 
valli'V. lake and river." 

It would be vnin in u-^ tonttemjit a descrip- 
tion of the varied wonders which liere as- 
tonish and delight the behohh r. To those 
who Imvevi-ited these monntaiii-. our de- 
6ei iptioii wouhl be tame ami miiiiten sting; 
and he wlio ha-* never ascended their hoary 
summits cannot reiilizi^ the ext<nt and miig- 
nilieeneo of the scene. 'Diesc mountains are 
decidedly of primitive formation. Notliin)^ 
of volcanic origin has ever yet been discover- 
ed, on the most diligent research. They 
have for ages, probably, exhibited the same 
unvarying aspect. No minerals are here 
fourid'of much rarity or value. The rock 
which most abounds is schistose, intermixed 
with greenstone, mica, granite, and gneiss. 

There are several routes to this liighland 

district; amongst tlia ])rincipal, and those 

"If the day be clear, a view is nfTordcd ; which will please the tourist best, we name 

tinequalled perhaps on the eastern side of the from Portland, Maine, per Eastern Hailroad, 



North American continent. Around you are 
confused masses of mountains, bearing the 
appearance of a sen of molten lava suddenly 
CiHiied whilst its ponderous waves Were yet in 
commotion. (;n the S. E. horizon fleams a 
rim of silvi r liirbt — it is the Atlantic Ocean, 
66 miles distant, laving l!io shores of Maine, 



or from Boston to Plymouth, thence per 
eoneh to the Flume House, thence through 
rraiiconia Notch — about 150 miles. Another 
lollLe, ami s4ild to be the liiiesl, i.i via Lnko 
Winnipiscogee, 180 miles. Prnceeil from 
Boston per Boston and Maine and Cocheeo 
Railroad, 



61 



m 





GLEN COVE STARCH MANUFACTORY. 

\7UJ:iX^ v>vr» T., „,i,ililnn tn the Immcn! 



unem.Blle.t, either i.i this or iiny other ■•';""'••>■,;»" "^,', .'^;; f "o.l, to be {oiin'l wHl"" ."'e "^ >"^'^ ;■ f, 

JtrenX it eNcel, Ml others, it, price is ns lov »s » ,1^«> ^ J,X'X,, ulonR the earth', surface. 
"'r^:r :re::-rS>es .or .hieh ,,,U .e..,.o.. ^.^ 



from iu'enuiv'iVlent ill iiieut, or any other snhHtauce 

•M It is so e. s V ilieeste.l, that t\.e most conhri.R.cl 

rtvii^e, Ic r^nv o\ ot.lj- eat heartily of It «;itl.o.>' ''';;• 

comf^rl; '".t .nay, by a partial eonll.ien.et.t to 'ts use, 

be ultimately restoreil to *"'";'"!^"' '• , p„,i,v 

8il. Heiui? extremely palatable, anil \ery easily 






be ultimately reMoieo ... " , "■■, ■■^- ,„,, ..„,„ „„8iiv Ing and soothing in ns na....' . ■ ■■•■■;,■,„,„. 

matte's or ie,a liff ,!rlncl,.Ie whieli u iMiitinns. 



!r;S:..rS'fonh;]a;Wa;;^^e«uJne.. appetite 

'1:,rT W eM!«i,:;^v";Sa;.^;r!o the «se of ehim.en, 
paft'^ulai'l/si'i'ch as-are oV weak ;>''f-; -• -'i,^-; 
llispoaeil to Summer complaiats, or to .ltran!,emeni» 
of the digestive organ; 



„. tiie iiigesiivc ...f...... .„ „. ,„„„..v,m< as its benetioent use". As an arlloleof 

The yarious forms in which it tiiay be l'rep"ed "'•« « , »>^," ,•; r , ^ e „es. hotels in tlie country, a. well 
deHert, it is lHmely;-:',;;o.J^ly^l-;^-^^;i!;::';^'V:i,:^';,;,,y_e,,ual In .;;;;etv;:r, relish ^.o tin 
as 
pa^ 



coU. . . . u..v,„™ I lemon, or to yoiir taste. , 



^rin ,ite Piirlitinti.—nv mixing rslsens in the ahoTe. 
an ex lei t Vu ;,. Pudiiing is produced which may 
be eaten warm, with sauce to your taste. 

;!"•:- -!;i"i%,i!l:::;::?.S^;ree'\X^;^o;.f«., of 

.u'giir.' "Flavor to suit/and b«ke h»ir «.■ hour. 

For sale hj nil thf priMpul l>r<i 

WM. DTJEYEA, Qsneral 



""^'"v.J"'^)"";^;^ the butter and salt the 
i,„lj wrll with mil!:. 



tf<< tt'i I Oroc 



I the. Country. 



Agent, No. 166 Fulton Btreet^ew York. 



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- ■ 'The' :^XM^mii 
SELF-CEIUERATIIMC 

HAND GAS-LIGHT BUEIER, 

BUTLER, HOSFORB & CO., Proprietors. 

171 Broadway, New York, 

1 Courtlandt Street, New "^ork, and 

2 Court Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. 



This valuable patent, 
portable, self-generating 
Gas Burner, is offered to 
the public, in full confi- 
dence of its positive supe- 
riority over 'every other 
nAXD-LiGiiTin exi8tence,for 
SiMPLiciTr, Safct't., and 
Economy, producing a 

Brilliant Gas Light, 

requiring np trimming, or 
other attention, except 
simply fil the lamp 

with good burning fluid, 
6ne quart of the fluid con- 
verted into gas in the 
Burner, giving a fuil, 
BROAD and CLEAR flame 
eighteen hours. 




Tliis liglit, which is equal 
to that from eight ordinary 
wick tubes, is under 
complete control, being re- 
duced by n sinii)le process, 
from a full blaze to a small 
one, and as quickly restored 
to its full capacity, and at 
ONE-THIBD THE COST. 

It is admirably adapted 
for lighting churches, dwel- 
lings, lecture-rooms, halls, 
shops, steamboats, and rail- 
road cars, or wherever a 
good liglit is desired. 

Parties desirous of secu- 
ring the right of territory 
for a valuable article that 
will commend itself, should 
make early oppllcation, on- 
ly to the above address 



Applied to Ml styles of Oil, Kerosene, Camphene, and Burning Fluid tamps, also with founts and on 
pressure to all kinds of Gas Fixtures, making Its own gas In the burner as fast as required from Burning 
Fluid. By a simple screw It U Instantly reduced from a full blase to a small one, and as quickly restorei 
Always ready and In order. Goods forwarded to all parU of the United States, by express. Payable, Cash 
on delivery. Send your orders as above. ■ * r j , u 

OOMBINBB 
Simplicity, 

Safety, 
Economy. 

DEToin OP 

Smell, 
Smoke, 

OB 

Flicker. 
Giving a 

STEADY, 
CHEAP, 

AND 

DRILUANT 
GAMLIGHT, 

a AXT 

Xemperalure. 





Address, 2 Court St., Brogklt!*, N. Y. 
Po$t-Office Smc,Z2<i. 



6 



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1 

IMPORtERS X.VD DIAI.KR* !« 

East India and Mediterranean Drugs, EnglUl..Frcnch and American Chemical., E.t«cts. 
LeSerPye Stuffs. PainU, OiU. Sponge., Brn.he., Perf«n.ery. Apothecaries' Ware., Ac. 
141 William Street, corner of Fultoii, Wew Tork^ 



AMiBAU B. SAKDS. 



OATID »A»I>8. 



AUXAHDUt y". BLACP.. 



H E G E M A ir & C 



• t 



{Latt ntgemm, Ctarh & Co.,) 




WHOLESALE & RETAIL CHEMISXS k DRUGGIST^ 

^ND BOLE MANUFACTURERS OP HEGEMAN, CLARK A CO/S , 

GENUINE COD LIVER OIL. 

NO.. 161, 89», 511 an* m Broadway. New York. 

.p«ti«nl», it proof of ttn superior duulity. ^ 

rioPKiiToa OF ™« omonii 

AMERICAN CHAMP AOT 

^rice. 

SPARKLING HOCK, 

AU warranted the pure liJee of the Grape. 

107 Water Streat, near WaU St, 

MEW VOBK. 



[SEW IHTZMTIOir.] 

TOLMAN'S PATENT 

SPRING K 




TUB ONtt SSW-VBSTaATING BED IN **"'* \T«^M 
TUB ONI.T ^.OMFOBTABM AND HCOHOMICAL BSD «y«» tJBBD, 

„ w^^« S^««Bea anamtr Mrttmss ««Ate«d, with «l£.«««ng valves for Ventilation. 
ll^^SSfrH^ttUerbedawltho^heird^ 



r TORK. J 



«8 



^.LiaiwiDftWi^- 



(.WM.1 







BET 



NEW YORK I BOSTON, 

Via Newport and FaU Biver. 




THE 



^ ny lUE BPtKNwo AND SUPERIOR STKAMER8 

METROPOLIS, BAY STATE AM EMPIRE STATE, 

niulKSMW- P""-"""""-'^ ''«^->*<"' to t^e «-«a«on of Ung I.,a„d Sound, L 

.d/^ ^^^ ^^ ^^ COLONY RAILBOABS 

* d..tance of My-three miles only of railroad to Boston ""^^"AUS, 

^ave Nor York, from Pier No^nh Biver, near the Battery ■ 

The Bwamer METROFOIJS, CaDtain Brn«« 
The Steamer ZSBCPIRE STATE, Oant. B ih- 
l*e steamer JMi*' STAlS^ Captain Jewett 

7« and Tr Went Street, W.Y. 




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SPECIFIC' HEMKIi^fOR CONSlf^fPtlON. 
WINCHESTE R'S 

liKM INK I'KKrvllATloX l)l' TIIK 

HYPOPHOSPHITES OF LIME AND SODA, 

rriio Discovery of Dr. J. F. (,'iii;rjiiii.i., of I'liiis.l for llie iiivvoiili in ami oiuv of 



Cliloriiiiin^ t'eiiinh' ^'oinjihihitK, <fr. 

The- exti-ao.-(linaiy le.^i.lts ol.tuin^.l in ;-.ll Staj-'es .,f I'ulninnaiy l)is«i.u l..v Dr. ( l.uichlll's new Ti-ent,M..nt 
the Hypopliospliltcs of I,nnf iin.i l^o,lM, removes all leuiaininK doiitn. m to ihr ine-tlnmlil- value of H i^ ll< 
cover.v. Consuini.tioii U n.. lonxer to l,e reganleil ii< an iricui-alil.; uiufifly. vai.ii. oi rw.i on 

Special Effects of the Treatment. 

The Hyiioiihosphites havr a two-f.il.l anil specKl,: action; on the one liaml lliev inriea^e tli,. Piir,-1 ,i.'. 
whatever ihat may lie, «hicl, consiimtes neivons fnr.-e ; an,l, on the other, Ihey are the most poweiVul b ood 
generating agents, far snperlor to any hitherto known. Their physiological eTeets are^iown iTy a,^ incre^.e 
of tjervous power, »omelhne.H even from the llrst ih.y of their a,' Inistrali. n, together with aii utimual 
feeling of comfort un.l strength The n.rvous syn,|,toms, if there .re heen anv, .lisappear, as weH n" The 
functional .lerangements, ,n:. . weiglit, f,.., of the Intestinal n ,.c-ou, sorfaee.' The' appetite n!r,"a " 
often in at; extraordumry iinmner. 'Ihu evaLMialions hecome regnlar ami more aloimhiio ••'... <,,.|f„Lt onV 
If they have existeil, eeasc; sii'fp Ijeco-.nes calm anil profoun.l. ' "'"""ons, 

\viMii:>Ti;if.s <ji:.Mixj.; i>Rfc:i>\RVT;(»\. 

is put lip in large bottles with the fiillnwiii^' words Uinrii hi tlw iihin^ lir j r I'mit, iiiii u nvixi 
PllOi^milTKS 01 UMK AN.) OK .<())>A. ,1. WIN.'llKSTKl!, N?:W YOl'iK KaA l,o I 1 a, „ o w 
/6»c-«mi/p signature. No oilier is gennine. "«o my 

t^The I'hosphatesor "(.M.einKMl Tood" so ciilL. I are r.idi.Mlly dilVorenl from liie llviiophosphites and 
can In no cases be used as subslitules. Dear this fact in mind. Xo preparation contalrdn gi on a be „se 

without danger of >nllamtnatlon and hemorrhage. Xo oih, r .Irng or medicine shon e coinbliie witluhc 

Ilypophosphltcs, or used at the same lime. This is the oniv remedy Ihat will cure 

jT^ J'rlce,»2.IMl or three bottles for ».5.n<i, with lull diieetion.'ror use. MngU. hollies, in oonccnInileO 
solution, sent by mail, when specially ordered. Let no one deceive von, but pmchase anil use oiilv •• u'io 
Chester s Preparation." Sohl wholesale ami retail at tlic Sole (ieneraf Depot in il,e lT,i|t„i stales where Ir- 
culafs and 1),: ChurchiWs W,>rl: i>„ t oiixionjiHn,, may be obtained, on remitting l-.> ,cnts, for postage 

Address J. Wl!V€Ht:STEK, S3 Joliii Htrevt, W««u Voik. 

older €m . ' Dngcio-Cljcnipeiitit (foKcgf. 



This connundious 
establlshineiit has ac- 
commodation for One 
Hundred iiersons. It 
Is located in the busi- 
ne.-s part of the city, 
yet It is quiet and airy, 
being adjacent to the 
beautiful promenade 
of St. .lohn's Park. 




.At (his In>liiiiilon| ■. 
Diseases ar" Ircatcd 
on strictly Hygienic 
l'rin<:iiib'-. Rspecial 
iitteidion is given to 
the nntiiagcinenl of 
f'terinc Diseases and 
IMspIaceuicnts. 



R. T. 



■ j Cancers_ 



No. 15 LAIGHT STREET, NEW YORE. 

RESIDENT PHYSICIANS: 

TKAJ.1., M. D. I D. A. GORTON, M. J3. 



f. 



successfully on a new plan, eointHiilng cauterization a- congelation. Kverv variety 

f .'• „t.^'"rr . ^ij yanf.t^uralgle, Paralytic, ei>iuuinnllvc, and Nervous Afections, are treated wltii 

iwi^e^ In fj r' '*^""y™ «■•« educated for Ilygcio^Theijipeulio Practitioners, a.,.1 Ucalth-Ilefor.,, 
, , Icachers and lecturers. ■ -Ample facllliles are provl.led for a thorough medical course of study. 
■~l»OT«nnrt Visiting Ne'^ YavU^:::: !i::^i;;pss .-.- i-,lp~i--.--.i --••• ;•,..,: it t. -..-iu. i; ^ ■ * -- 

lli.AI.TII-.- resort during tiieir^slay In (he city. They wllHie acTOiii\\Vodiacd\vi'th rstHdly"^ Phvsi"ogl'canllct! 
.. .!.'i'J u'^";'''"''^"''' n'* charged ♦,->, examination fee; full treatment wtli board,' from »7 to 15 per week. 
nerXv "^ .1^«Z';.,^»'lT'r' """"""'^ '">'" V> to tf per week. T...»n9iknt Hoahdi£i.s, from #1 to »1.5U 
rfrJlrVtn hf ? 7 °'^'' c"'' •"""" "■'»'""i"'> verbal or by letter, ♦». Each 8ubscr,ueiit let! or or advice, «1. 
TiCKKis to the Lectures : Summer course, ♦•W ; Winter, |75. Payable in advance 



./ 



Entered accerfllng to Act of C.mgross, In the year 1^9, by Alb.x.isbkr II.ihtiiii.',, In the Clerk's Office 
of the Dfatrlct Court of the United Suies for IhJ Southern DlstrlcrofNiw York 



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.rii(i({. 
.'unit' 



BRITISH COmmERCIAl! 

LIFE liNSUBANCE COMJ'ANY. 

londori and tsTow York. 

OFFICE -03 WiT.L Si;, 

Capitnl, ♦.^i>">,0oo. Claims pfiid, over 
*..... 0,000. DepoM.edwith C./mptrollcr 
"t >'-.v 1 ork, $10.0011. • 

I'Jilalill'hed 1N20. ' . 

•■'/ ,<f r.'ferrf^ ! , j\v,r l-,.,';-._-i|,..„ 
' "ini s..,,|, .'-•lUiiTicI WXinore, *.,, , 
u. ■; ■;'.'.'!''' ''-■■"'•■ "'^nr- (Wnn.ll. I'm' 
Mi.pla.,, M„„ey K.^, .Anil,.,,., lu.dhv 
;,"'•' S'<-<."i>s"l..lol .1 !'r.V(i», K-.i.,.r. I'hl.nii,. 
I'liiri„x, Ks,|., Knri. i.r,stinCoi->.,,V. . , 

.Voo\trafl,:,rf;e f. ,- cri.«siiij: the AN ■' 
liiiitic. KiuloHiiiiMits (Of cliiUlrtii, unci* 
l-ifo A>.snninco in all its branclie.s. Tafi- 
li-iiiia. Australia ami I'iki'N Peak rixks 
t;iki'ii at niudcratc raWs. 

«EO. ,,, K^KVi TT, Manage, for the i;.uted.St..!es and Canada. 

I>CFF, G01II)0]v^ ^ CD'S 

the «ndcr.-:,,ea w Jd fr J rt' n/ne .d f,"''' "' ''"^ '"^«^»* ^'"PP",^ *° »"« U.ned Kingdom,) 
sours, as bciog the Ix.^ , h " "l v"' ^ '^■". "' '^"'""'^'•^ ''"^°'^'^' ""<> Counoi;! 
on hand a|ithe d.ffero , «• s sn III ' I '^ .',''•'' '" *'"' '^'"'"*''-^'' """'' '"'^•'"« ''0"«t«ntly 

classes of thorbovS'lrSv' doTr f "''•, ""''"" *'"''" ''"'■ "">' "^ "^ '^'^^^^-^ I 

CALWEF, C ASADO & TELLER, Agents & Imporlers, 
ir«««.~ '*** ^""'■* ^•''***' ^«« York. 

GENUirra HEIDSIECK & CO. CHAOTAGNE. 

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